ReviewFrontiers in genetics2014
Biosynthesis and functions of sulfur modifications in tRNA.
Review in Frontiers in genetics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
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62 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Thio-modification effects on mRNA translation using a PureCap-based capping method.RSC chemical biology · 2026Article
- Rethinking Suicide Thi4 Thiazole Synthases: Comparative Genomic Insights and Pilot Functional Evidence.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Biosynthesis of 6-thioguanine: characterizing two intermediates involved in its thioamide formation reaction.ACS catalysis · 2026Article
- Translational regulation by oxidative desulfuration of tRNA modifications.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Phosphorothioate DNA modification by BREX type 4 systems in the human gut microbiome.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Uridines Modified with Sulfur or Selenium in U-G Wobble Pairs Matter for tRNA Function.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Systematic genome-wide mapping of host determinants of bacteriophage infectivity.Cell systems · 2025Article
- tRNA as an assembly chaperone for a macromolecular transcription-processing complex.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2025Article
- The mechanism of thioamide formation by the YcfA-YcfC system in 6-thioguanine biosynthesis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- 2-Thiouridine formation inJournal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- tRNA thiolation optimizes appressorium-mediated infection by enhancing codon-specific translation in Magnaporthe oryzae.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Studies on the Oxidative Damage of the Wobble 5-Methylcarboxymethyl-2-Thiouridine in the tRNA of Eukaryotic Cells with Disturbed Homeostasis of the Antioxidant System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- RudS: bacterial desulfidase responsible for tRNA 4-thiouridine de-modification.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Article
- tRNA modification reprogramming contributes to artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Sleep Disorders: Culprit in Cardiovascular Diseases.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- A highly conserved tRNA modification contributes toMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Impact of the chemical modification of tRNAs anticodon loop on the variability and evolution of codon usage in proteobacteria.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Computational Study of Base-Catalyzed Thiohemiacetal Decomposition inThe journal of physical chemistry. B · 2023Article
- TheeLife · 2023Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sulfur is an essential element for a variety of cellular constituents in all living organisms. In tRNA molecules, there are many sulfur-containing nucleosides, such as the derivatives of 2-thiouridine (s(2)U), 4-thiouridine (s(4)U), 2-thiocytidine (s(2)C), and 2-methylthioadenosine (ms(2)A). Earlier studies established the functions of these modifications for accurate and efficient translation, including proper recognition of the codons in mRNA or stabilization of tRNA structure. In many cases, the biosynthesis of these sulfur modifications starts with cysteine desulfurases, which catalyze the generation of persulfide (an activated form of sulfur) from cysteine. Many sulfur-carrier proteins are responsible for delivering this activated sulfur to each biosynthesis pathway. Finally, specific "modification enzymes" activate target tRNAs and then incorporate sulfur atoms. Intriguingly, the biosynthesis of 2-thiouridine in all domains of life is functionally and evolutionarily related to the ubiquitin-like post-translational modification system of cellular proteins in eukaryotes. This review summarizes the recent characterization of the biosynthesis of sulfur modifications in tRNA and the novel roles of this modification in cellular functions in various model organisms, with a special emphasis on 2-thiouridine derivatives. Each biosynthesis pathway of sulfur-containing molecules is mutually modulated via sulfur trafficking, and 2-thiouridine and codon usage bias have been proposed to control the translation of specific genes.
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