ReviewFrontiers in systems neuroscience2014
Sleep for cognitive enhancement.
Review in Frontiers in systems neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 214 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diurnal variation in variables related to cognitive performance: a systematic review.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Pooled it
- Sleep disturbances in Lewy body dementia: A systematic review.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Promoting memory consolidation during sleep: A meta-analysis of targeted memory reactivation.Psychological bulletin · 2020Pooled it
- Massage positively influences daytime brain activity and reduces arousal state in poor sleepers: a randomized controlled trial.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Trial
- Effects of brisk walking and Tai Chi interventions on sleep quality in university students with insomnia.Frontiers in public health · 2025Trial
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- Acoustic enhancement of sleep slow oscillations in mild cognitive impairment.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2019Trial
- Early-life GABA-A receptor blockade with bicuculline attenuates anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive deficits induced by 24-hr sleep deprivation in adult male rats.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Article
- Sleep quality as a modifier of plasma phosphorylated tau 217 and glial fibrillary acidic protein associations with cognitive function.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Digital behavior and anxiety in the post-pandemic era: a five-year analysis of screen time, sleep, and behavioral risk profiles.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Exploratory development of biomarkers for neurobehavioral performance impairment during sleep loss: comparison across multiple types of sleep deprivation.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Sleep, Physical Activity, and Executive Functions in Students: A Narrative Review.Clocks & sleep · 2025Review
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- Associations Between Chrono-Nutrition Behaviours and Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged Adults: The NUTRICO Cross-Sectional Cohort Study.Nutrition bulletin · 2025Article
- Nonlinear associations of depression and sleep duration with cognitive impairment in older adults with hypertension: findings from a national survey.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Tailored light intervention for sleep and cognition in World Trade Center (WTC) cohort.Archives of environmental & occupational health · 2025Article
- Targeted memory reactivation during sleep improves emotional memory modulation following imagery rescripting.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sleep is essential for effective cognitive functioning. Loosing even a few hours of sleep can have detrimental effects on a wide variety of cognitive processes such as attention, language, reasoning, decision making, learning and memory. While sleep is necessary to ensure normal healthy cognitive functioning, it can also enhance performance beyond the boundaries of the normal condition. This article discusses the enhancing potential of sleep, mainly focusing on the domain of learning and memory. Sleep is known to facilitate the consolidation of memories learned before sleep as well as the acquisition of new memories to be learned after sleep. According to a widely held model this beneficial effect of sleep relies on the neuronal reactivation of memories during sleep that is associated with sleep-specific brain oscillations (slow oscillations, spindles, ripples) as well as a characteristic neurotransmitter milieu. Recent research indicates that memory processing during sleep can be boosted by (i) cueing memory reactivation during sleep; (ii) stimulating sleep-specific brain oscillations; and (iii) targeting specific neurotransmitter systems pharmacologically. Olfactory and auditory cues can be used, for example, to increase reactivation of associated memories during post-learning sleep. Intensifying neocortical slow oscillations (the hallmark of slow wave sleep (SWS)) by electrical or auditory stimulation and modulating specific neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline and glutamate likewise facilitates memory processing during sleep. With this evidence in mind, this article concludes by discussing different methodological caveats and ethical issues that should be considered when thinking about using sleep for cognitive enhancement in everyday applications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.