Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24762743›Full record

ReviewChimerism2014

Naturally acquired microchimerism: implications for transplantation outcome and novel methodologies for detection.

Michael Eikmans, Astrid G S van Halteren, Koen van Besien, Jon J van Rood, Jos J M Drabbels, Frans H J Claas

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Chimerism, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03255265 (Microchimerism and cfDNA as Biomarkers for Acute Rejection After Organ Transplantation), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03255265 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Microchimerism and cfDNA as Biomarkers for Acute Rejection After Organ Transplantation

TypeobservationalSponsorFuzhou General HospitalRan2017 to 2021Enrolled950ConditionsOrgan Transplant RejectionArmsno interventions
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Identifying Key Questions and Challenges in Microchimerism Biology.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Lung stem cells and respiratory epithelial chimerism in transplantation.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025
    Review
  8. The Microchimerism Literature Atlas.Bioinformatics and biology insights · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Cross-decoration of dendritic cells by non-inherited maternal antigen-containing extracellular vesicles: Potential mechanism for PD-L1-based tolerance in cord blood and organ transplantation.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2022
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Michael EikmansDepartment of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden, the Netherlands.
Astrid G S van HalterenImmunology Laboratory; Willem Alexander Children's Hospital; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden, the Netherlands.
Koen van BesienWeil Cornell Medical College; New York City, NY USA.
Jon J van RoodDepartment of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden, the Netherlands; Europdonor Foundation; Leiden, the Netherlands.
Jos J M DrabbelsDepartment of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden, the Netherlands.
Frans H J ClaasDepartment of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden, the Netherlands.
Leiden University Medical Center · NLCornell University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microchimerism represents a condition where one individual harbors genetically distinct cell populations, and the chimeric population constitutes <1% of the total number of cells. The most common natural source of microchimerism is pregnancy. The reciprocal cell exchange between a mother and her child often leads to the stable engraftment of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic stem cells in both parties. Interaction between cells from the mother and those from the child may result in maternal immune cells becoming sensitized to inherited paternal alloantigens of the child, which are not expressed by the mother herself. Vice versa, immune cells of the child may become sensitized toward the non-inherited maternal alloantigens of the mother. The extent of microchimerism, its anatomical location, and the sensitivity of the techniques used for detecting its presence collectively determine whether microchimerism can be detected in an individual. In this review, we focus on the clinical consequences of microchimerism in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and propose concepts derived from data of epidemiologic studies. Next, we elaborate on the latest molecular methodology, including digital PCR, for determining in a reliable and sensitive way the extent of microchimerism. For the first time, tools have become available to isolate viable chimeric cells from a host background, so that the challenges of establishing the biologic mechanisms and function of these cells may finally be tackled.

Indexed as

ChimerismHematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationOrgan TransplantationAnimalsFetal BloodHumansImmune TolerancePolymerase Chain ReactionSingle-Cell AnalysisTransplantsdigital PCRFACS sortinggraft-versus-host diseasematernal antigenmicrochimerismmixed chimerismmonoclonal antibodiespaternal antigenpregnancyqPCRsingle cell analysistransplantation

Identifiers

PMID24762743
PMCPMC4199805
OpenAlexW1567205612

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.