ArticleBritish journal of pharmacology2014
Activation of GPR18 by cannabinoid compounds: a tale of biased agonism.
Article in British journal of pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cannabinoid receptor type 1 deficiency protects from lipopolysaccharide-induced preterm birth: the role of the decidual endocannabinoid system.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Recreational Cannabis Use During Human Pregnancy: Its Effects on the Placenta and Endocannabinoid System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Association of Gene Expression Profiles in HPV-Positive Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Patient Outcome: In Search of Prognostic Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Enhanced Cytotoxicity and Receptor Modulation by SMA-WIN 55,212-2 Micelles in Glioblastoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Cannabinoids as Multitarget Drugs for the Treatment of Autoimmunity in Glaucoma.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- Metabolite-Sensing Receptors: Emerging Targets for Modulating Chronic Pain Pathways.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Repolarization of inflammatory macrophages into reparative stage targeting cannabinoid receptor2: a potential perspective to dampen lung injury/ARDS.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Endocannabinoid system and phytocannabinoids in the main species of veterinary interest: a comparative review.Veterinary research communications · 2024Review
- Unraveling the Mechanisms of Cannabidiol's Pharmacological Actions: A Comprehensive Research Overview.Topics in current chemistry (Cham) · 2024Review
- Resolvin D2 limits atherosclerosis progression via myeloid cell-GPR18.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Article
- Uncovering the Power of GPR18 Signalling: How RvD2 and Other Ligands Could Have the Potential to Modulate and Resolve Inflammation in Various Health Disorders.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- GPR55 is expressed in glutamate neurons and functionally modulates drug taking and seeking in rats and mice.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- The Interaction of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide and Paracannabinoid Lysophosphatidylinositol during Cell Death Induction in Human Breast Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- A systematic study of molecular targets of cannabidiol in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2024Review
- Phytocannabinoids Reduce Seizures in Larval Zebrafish and Affect Endocannabinoid Gene Expression.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- N-arachidonylglycine is a caloric state-dependent circulating metabolite which regulates human CD4iScience · 2023Article
- Cannabidiol's neuroprotective properties and potential treatment of traumatic brain injuries.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Cannabinoid Compounds as a Pharmacotherapeutic Option for the Treatment of Non-Cancer Skin Diseases.Cells · 2022Review
- Pharmacognosy and Effects of Cannabinoids in the Vascular System.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2022Review
- GPR55 in B cells limits atherosclerosis development and regulates plasma cell maturation.Nature cardiovascular research · 2022Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeGPR18 is a candidate cannabinoid receptor, but its classification as such is controversial. The rationale of the study presented herein was to consider the effects of N-arachidonoyl glycine (NAGly) and cannabinoids via differential G-protein coupled pathways, in addition to β-arrestin signalling. Cellular localization of GPR18 receptors was also examined. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Calcium mobilization and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were quantified in a cell line stably expressing GPR18 (HEK293/GPR18 cells). In addition, using the DiscoveRx PathHunter CHO-K1 GPR18 β-arrestin cell line, recruitment of β-arrestin was quantified. KEY
resultsConcentration-dependent increases in intracellular calcium and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were observed in the presence of NAGly, abnormal cannabidiol (AbnCBD), O-1602, O-1918 and Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ(9)-THC) in HEK293/GPR18 cells. The initial rise in intracellular calcium in the presence of NAGly, O1918 and THC was blocked by either Gα(q) or Gα(i/o) inhibition. The ERK1/2 phosphorylation was inhibited by Pertussis toxin and N-arachidonoyl-L-serine (NARAS). Recruitment of β-arrestin in the PathHunter CHO-K1 GPR18 cell line revealed a differential pattern of GPR18 activation; of all the ligands tested, only Δ(9)-THC produced a concentration-dependent response. The localization of GPR18 receptors within the HEK293/GPR18 cells is both intracellular, and on the plasma membrane. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: These findings suggest that GPR18 activation involves several signal transduction pathways indicative of biased agonism, thereby providing a plausible explanation for the apparent discrepancies in GPR18 activation found in the literature. Additionally, the results presented herein provide further evidence for GPR18 as a candidate cannabinoid receptor.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.