ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2014
Avoiding blunders involving 'immortal time'.
Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Persistent critical illness in acute hypoxic respiratory failure: A retrospective cohort study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Reply to the letter to the editor by Manzoli, Acuti Martelucci and Flacco (doi: 10.17179/excli2025-9176).EXCLI journal · 2026Article
- Distributional Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Genomic Medicine: Considerations for Addressing Health Equity.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2025Article
- The 'Health-2-Go' programme's impact on all-cause mortality and clinic utilisation for children 5 and under: a retrospective cohort analysis of an iCCM intervention in Ghana's Barekese Subdistrict.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Addressing immortal time bias in precision medicine: Practical guidance and methods development.Health services research · 2025Article
- How life-cycle real-world evidence can bridge evidentiary gaps in precision oncology.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Illustrating the structures of bias from immortal time using directed acyclic graphs.International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Pitfalls in time-to-event analysis of registry data: a tutorial based on simulated and real cases.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2024Article
- Immortal-time bias in older vs younger age groups: a simulation study with application to a population-based cohort of patients with colon cancer.British journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Complications and Their Association with Mortality Following Emergency Gastrointestinal Surgery-an Observational Study.Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract · 2022Observational
- Timing of adjuvant chemotherapy initiation and mortality among colon cancer patients at a safety-net health system.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- Article
- Prophylactic versus therapeutic left ventricular unloading during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, better safe than sorry?Journal of thoracic disease · 2020Article
- Thromboprophylaxis for medical inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2020Article
- Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate and Risk of Incident Heart Failure and Other Cardiovascular Events: the ARIC Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Observational
- Use of Antihypertensive Medications and Survival Rates for Breast, Colorectal, Lung, or Stomach Cancer.American journal of epidemiology · 2019Article
- Diabetes Medication Use in Association with Survival among Patients of Breast, Colorectal, Lung, or Gastric Cancer.Cancer research and treatment · 2019Article
- Impact of glycemic traits, type 2 diabetes and metformin use on breast and prostate cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2019Article
- Smoking Is the Most Significant Modifiable Lung Cancer Risk Factor in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.The Journal of rheumatology · 2018Article
- Long-term oxygen therapy in COPD patients: population-based cohort study on mortality.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.