ArticleThe Journal of general virology2014
Excessive production and extreme editing of human metapneumovirus defective interfering RNA is associated with type I IFN induction.
Article in The Journal of general virology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
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- A respiratory syncytial virus trailer sequence modulates viral replication and the generation and propagation kinetics of copy-back defective viral genomes.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Detailed single-cell mapping of the transcriptional response to a virus infection driven by copy-back viral genomes.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Detailed single-cell mapping of the transcriptional response to a virus infection driven by copy-back viral genomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of human metapneumovirus among hospitalized children in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 era.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Applications of human lung organoids to human respiratory virus research: advances, limitations and future directions.Infection · 2025Review
- A Respiratory Syncytial Virus trailer sequence modulates viral replication and copy-back defective viral genome generation and propagation kinetics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Role of Defective Interfering Particles in Complement-Mediated Lysis of Parainfluenza Virus-Infected Cells.Viruses · 2025Article
- The role of M2 proteins of pneumoviruses in transcription regulation, prevention of hypermutation, and activation of the type I interferon pathway.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Direct nanopore RNA sequencing of umbra-like virus-infected plants reveals long non-coding RNAs, specific cleavage sites, D-RNAs, foldback RNAs, and temporal- and tissue-specific profiles.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2024Article
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- Posttranscriptional Regulation by Proteins and Noncoding RNAs.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- The frequency of defective genomes in Omicron differs from that of the Alpha, Beta and Delta variants.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- A Virus Is a Community: Diversity within Negative-Sense RNA Virus Populations.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2022Review
- Evidence against the Human Metapneumovirus G, SH, and M2-2 Proteins as Bona Fide Interferon Antagonists.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- ADAR Editing in Viruses: An Evolutionary Force to Reckon with.Genome biology and evolution · 2021Review
- Adenosine Deaminases Acting on RNA (ADARs) and Viral Infections.Annual review of virology · 2021Article
- Defective viral genomes as therapeutic interfering particles against flavivirus infection in mammalian and mosquito hosts.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Defective viral genomes from chikungunya virus are broad-spectrum antivirals and prevent virus dissemination in mosquitoes.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Type I IFN production is one of the hallmarks of host innate immune responses upon virus infection. Whilst most respiratory viruses carry IFN antagonists, reports on human metapneumovirus (HMPV) have been conflicting. Using deep sequencing, we have demonstrated that HMPV particles accumulate excessive amounts of defective interfering RNA (DIs) rapidly upon in vitro passage, and that these are associated with IFN induction. Importantly, the DIs were edited extensively; up to 70% of the original A and T residues had mutated to G or C, respectively. Such high editing rates of viral RNA have not, to our knowledge, been reported before. Bioinformatics and PCR assays indicated that adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) was the most likely editing enzyme. HMPV thus has an unusually high propensity to generate DIs, which are edited at an unprecedented high frequency. The conflicting published data on HMPV IFN induction and antagonism are probably explained by DIs in virus stocks. The interaction of HMPV DIs with the RNA-editing machinery and IFN responses warrants further investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.