ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2014
Immunologic hierarchy, class II MHC promiscuity, and epitope spreading of a melanoma helper peptide vaccine.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase I/II clinical trial of a melanoma vaccine targeting shared non-mutated antigens and a shared mutated BRAF neoantigen with an agonistic CD40 antibody (CDX-1140) plus TLR3 agonist (poly-ICLC).Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Trial
- Phase I/II clinical trial of a helper peptide vaccine plus PD-1 blockade in PD-1 antibody-naïve and PD-1 antibody-experienced patients with melanoma (MEL64).Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Trial
- Trial to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a melanoma helper peptide vaccine plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant, cyclophosphamide, and polyICLC (Mel63).Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Trial
- Long-term outcomes of helper peptide vaccination for metastatic melanoma.Annals of surgery · 2015Trial
- Sex and Age-Based Differences in Immune Responses to a Peptide Vaccine for Melanoma in Two Clinical Trials.Vaccines · 2025Article
- An Insight into Immunological Therapeutic Approach against Cancer: Potential Anti-cancer Vaccines.Current genomics · 2025Review
- Promiscuous class II-binding SARS-CoV-2-nuc derived vaccine-peptide induced extensive conventional, innate and unconventional T cell responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Immune Surveillance of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Is Mediated by HLA-Presented Antigens on Leukemia Progenitor Cells.Blood cancer discovery · 2023Article
- Review
- Review
- Article
- Melanoma vaccines: clinical status and immune endpoints.Melanoma research · 2019Article
- Updates in adjuvant systemic therapy for melanoma.Journal of surgical oncology · 2019Review
- Novel tumour antigens and the development of optimal vaccine design.Therapeutic advances in vaccines and immunotherapy · 2018Review
- Vaccines targeting helper T cells for cancer immunotherapy.Current opinion in immunology · 2017Review
- A new peptide vaccine OCV-501: in vitro pharmacology and phase 1 study in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2017Article
- Vaccination with Melanoma Helper Peptides Induces Antibody Responses Associated with Improved Overall Survival.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2015Article
- Vaccines, Adjuvants, and Dendritic Cell Activators--Current Status and Future Challenges.Seminars in oncology · 2015Review
- Safety and immunologic correlates of Melanoma GVAX, a GM-CSF secreting allogeneic melanoma cell vaccine administered in the adjuvant setting.Journal of translational medicine · 2015Article
- Glioblastoma antigen discovery--foundations for immunotherapy.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunization with a combination melanoma helper peptide (6MHP) vaccine has been shown to induce CD4(+) T cell responses, which are associated with patient survival. In the present study, we define the relative immunogenicity and HLA allele promiscuity of individual helper peptides and identify helper peptide-mediated augmentation of specific CD8(+) T cell responses. Thirty-seven participants with stage IIIB-IV melanoma were vaccinated with 6MHP in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. The 6MHP vaccine is comprised of 6 peptides representing melanocytic differentiation proteins gp100, tyrosinase, Melan-A/MART-1, and cancer testis antigens from the MAGE family. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses were assessed in peripheral blood and in sentinel immunized nodes (SIN) by thymidine uptake after exposure to helper peptides and by direct interferon-γ ELIspot assay against 14 MHC class I-restricted peptides. Vaccine-induced CD4(+) T cell responses to individual epitopes were detected in the SIN of 63 % (22/35) and in the peripheral blood of 38 % (14/37) of participants for an overall response rate of 65 % (24/37). The most frequently immunogenic peptides were MAGE-A3281-295 (49 %) and tyrosinase386-406 (32 %). Responses were not limited to HLA restrictions originally described. Vaccine-associated CD8(+) T cell responses against class I-restricted peptides were observed in 45 % (5/11) of evaluable participants. The 6MHP vaccine induces both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses against melanoma antigens. CD4(+) T cell responses were detected beyond reported HLA-DR restrictions. Induction of CD8(+) T cell responses suggests epitope spreading and systemic activity mediated at the tumor site.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.