ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2014
Lymphoma immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in the center for AIDS research network of integrated clinical systems cohort.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on Cancer Treatment Outcomes among People Living with HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: a Systematic Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Pooled it
- Disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with AIDS and B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Retrospective analysis of HIV-associated lymphomas: insights from a single Romanian center over 15 years.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS): Case series and review of the literature.Respiratory medicine case reports · 2025Article
- HIV-associated cancers and lymphoproliferative disorders caused by Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus and Epstein-Barr virus.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Article
- Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome-associated lymphoma: A retrospective Brazilian cohort.EJHaem · 2024Article
- Comparison of baseline lymphoma and HIV characteristics in Malawi before and after implementation of universal antiretroviral therapy.PloS one · 2022Observational
- Perianal Plasmablastic Lymphoma Masquerading as a Buschke-Löwenstein-like Tumour in an HIV-infected Patient with Recurrent Anal Condyloma.European journal of case reports in internal medicine · 2021Article
- Unmasking lymphoma immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient with pyrexia of unknown origin: a case report.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2020Article
- Rapid onset of hypercalcemia from high-grade lymphoma in the setting of HIV-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.Bone reports · 2019Article
- Mature outcomes and prognostic indices in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Malawi: a prospective cohort.British journal of haematology · 2019Observational
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk in adults living with HIV across five continents.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Evaluating Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation in HIV-Associated Malignancy: Is There Enough Evidence to Inform Clinical Guidelines?Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2018Article
- How I treat Burkitt lymphoma in children, adolescents, and young adults in sub-Saharan Africa.Blood · 2018Review
- Cancer risk in HIV patients with incomplete viral suppression after initiation of antiretroviral therapy.PloS one · 2018Article
- Contribution of arterial spin-labelling MRI in a case with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.BMJ case reports · 2017Article
- Hodgkin lymphoma, HIV, and Epstein-Barr virus in Malawi: Longitudinal results from the Kamuzu Central Hospital Lymphoma study.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2017Article
- Outcome of HIV-associated lymphoma in a resource-limited setting of Jos, Nigeria.Infectious agents and cancer · 2017Article
- The role of viral co-infection in HIV-associated non-AIDS-related cancers.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2015Review
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15 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLymphoma incidence is increased among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals soon after antiretroviral therapy (ART), perhaps due to unmasking immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Clinical characteristics and survival for unmasking lymphoma IRIS have not been described.
methodsWe studied lymphoma patients in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) from 1996 until 2011. Unmasking lymphoma IRIS was defined as lymphoma within 6 months after ART accompanied by a ≥ 0.5 log10 copies/mL HIV RNA reduction. Differences in presentation and survival were examined between IRIS and non-IRIS cases.
resultsOf 482 lymphoma patients, 56 (12%) met criteria for unmasking lymphoma IRIS. Of these, 12 (21%) had Hodgkin lymphoma, 22 (39%) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 5 (9%) Burkitt lymphoma, 10 (18%) primary central nervous system lymphoma, and 7 (13%) other non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Median CD4 cell count at lymphoma diagnosis among IRIS cases was 173 cells/µL (interquartile range, 73-302), and 48% had suppressed HIV RNA <400 copies/mL. IRIS cases were similar overall to non-IRIS cases in histologic distribution and clinical characteristics, excepting more frequent hepatitis B and C (30% vs 19%, P = .05), and lower HIV RNA at lymphoma diagnosis resulting from the IRIS case definition. Overall survival at 5 years was similar between IRIS (49%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 37%-64%) and non-IRIS (44%; 95% CI, 39%-50%), although increased early mortality was suggested among IRIS cases.
conclusionsIn a large HIV-associated lymphoma cohort, 12% of patients met a uniformly applied unmasking lymphoma IRIS case definition. Detailed studies of lymphoma IRIS might identify immunologic mechanisms of lymphoma control.
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