ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2014
Prevalence and risk factors for asymptomatic Clostridium difficile carriage.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic stewardship and the 2017 update of the IDSA-SHEA Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection.Diagnosis (Berlin, Germany) · 2018Guideline
- Colonization with toxinogenic C. difficile upon hospital admission, and risk of infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2015Pooled it
- A Phase 2 Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of Two 3-Dose Regimens of a Clostridium difficile Vaccine in Healthy US Adults Aged 65 to 85 Years.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Trial
- Clostridioides difficile in West Africa: a systematic review of the limited evidence and key knowledge gaps.Global epidemiology · 2026Article
- From colonization to infection: Genomic evolution of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis.Cell reports · 2026Review
- Novel surveillance design exploiting network analysis for efficient, rapid detection of emerging Clostridioides difficile strains.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Relationship BetweenOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Fecal Metabolomics for the Diagnosis ofDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Heterogeneity of Clostridioides difficile asymptomatic colonization prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- Review
- Clinical outcomes and treatment necessity in patients with toxin-negative Clostridioides difficile stool samples.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2024Article
- Environmental approaches to controlling Clostridioides difficile infection in healthcare settings.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2023Review
- Prevalence of Non-ToxigenicAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of toxigenicFrontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Diarrheal-associated gut dysbiosis in cancer and inflammatory bowel disease patients is exacerbated byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Gut Microbiota andInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Disordered Intestinal Microbial Communities DuringFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Genomic Determination of Relative Risks for Clostridioides difficile Infection From Asymptomatic Carriage in Intensive Care Unit Patients.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Diagnostic deficiencies ofSaudi journal of biological sciences · 2021Article
- Management of Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.Intestinal research · 2021Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundClostridium difficile infection (CDI) incidence has increased dramatically over the last decade. Recent studies suggest that asymptomatic carriers may be an important reservoir of C. difficile in healthcare settings. We sought to identify the prevalence and risk factors for asymptomatic C. difficile carriage on admission to the hospital.
methodsPatients admitted to Barnes-Jewish Hospital without diarrhea were enrolled from June 2010 through October 2011. Demographic information and healthcare and medication exposures 90 days prior to admission were collected. Stool specimens or rectal swabs were collected within 48 hours of admission and stored at -30°C until cultured. Clostridium difficile isolates were typed and compared with isolates from patients with CDI.
resultsA stool/swab specimen was obtained for 259 enrolled subjects on admission. Two hundred four (79%) were not colonized, 40 (15%) had toxigenic C. difficile (TCD), and 15 (6%) had nontoxigenic C. difficile. There were no differences between TCD-colonized and -uncolonized subjects for age (mean, 56 vs 58 years; P = .46), comorbidities, admission from another healthcare facility (33% vs 24%; P = .23), or recent hospitalization (50% vs 50%; P = .43). There were no differences in antimicrobial exposures in the 90 days prior to admission (55% vs 56%; P = .91). Asymptomatic carriers were colonized with strains similar to strains from patients with CDI, but the relative proportions were different.
conclusionsThere was a high prevalence of TCD colonization on admission. In contrast to past studies, TCD colonization was not associated with recent antimicrobial or healthcare exposures. Additional investigation is needed to determine the role of asymptomatic TCD carriers on hospital-onset CDI incidence.
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