ArticleRadiation research2014
Metformin exhibits radiation countermeasures efficacy when used alone or in combination with sulfhydryl containing drugs.
Article in Radiation research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Radiomitigators: Breakthroughs in Post-Radiation Recovery.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- An Overview of Radiation Countermeasure Development in Radiation Research from 1954 to 2024.Radiation research · 2024Review
- Exploring the Potential of Metformin in Mitigating Radiation-induced Gastrointestinal and Hematopoietic System Injury in Rats After Whole-body X-ray Radiation: An Experimental Study.Current radiopharmaceuticals · 2024Article
- Metformin mitigates radiation toxicity exerting antioxidant and genoprotective properties.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2023Article
- Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies: Biological Effects, Countermeasures and Biodosimetry.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Metformin Intervention-A Panacea for Cancer Treatment?Cancers · 2022Review
- Assessment of different markers of ovarian reserve in women with papillary thyroid cancer treated with radioactive iodine.Endocrine connections · 2021Article
- Metformin effects on brain development following cranial irradiation in a mouse model.Neuro-oncology · 2021Article
- Radiobiological Studies of Microvascular Damage through In Vitro Models: A Methodological Perspective.Cancers · 2021Review
- Repurposing Pharmaceuticals Previously Approved by Regulatory Agencies to Medically Counter Injuries Arising Either Early or Late Following Radiation Exposure.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Radioprotection and Radiomitigation: From the Bench to Clinical Practice.Biomedicines · 2020Review
- Metformin Protects Against Radiation-Induced Pneumonitis and Fibrosis and Attenuates Upregulation of Dual Oxidase Genes Expression.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2018Article
- Metformin Protects Against Radiation-Induced Heart Injury and Attenuates the Upregulation of Dual Oxidase Genes Following Rat's Chest Irradiation.International journal of molecular and cellular medicine · 2018Article
- Altered expression of a metformin-mediated radiation response in SA-NH and FSa tumor cells treated under in vitro and in vivo growth conditions.International journal of radiation biology · 2017Article
- Novel Indications for Commonly Used Medications as Radiation Protectants in Spaceflight.Aerospace medicine and human performance · 2017Review
- Pharmacological Modulation of Radiation Damage. Does It Exist a Chance for Other Substances than Hematopoietic Growth Factors and Cytokines?International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Combining Pharmacological Countermeasures to Attenuate the Acute Radiation Syndrome-A Concise Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
- THE POTENTIATION OF THE RADIOPROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF TWO MEDICAL COUNTERMEASURES, GAMMA-TOCOTRIENOL AND AMIFOSTINE, BY A COMBINATION PROPHYLACTIC MODALITY.Radiation protection dosimetry · 2016Article
- Metformin Attenuates 131I-Induced Decrease in Peripheral Blood Cells in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2016Article
- Metformin ameliorates ionizing irradiation-induced long-term hematopoietic stem cell injury in mice.Free radical biology & medicine · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Metformin, a biguanide drug used in the treatment of type II diabetes, was evaluated alone and in combination with amifostine, captopril, MESNA or N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) for its ability to protect when administered 24 h after irradiation. Mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF), human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC) and SA-NH mouse sarcoma cells were exposed to 4 Gy in vitro. C3H mice were exposed to 7 Gy and evaluated utilizing an endogenous spleen colony assay system. Amifostine and WR1065, administered 30 min prior to irradiation, were used as positive controls. Treatment of MEF, HMEC and SA-NH cells with metformin elevated survival levels by 1.4-, 1.5- and 1.3-fold compared to 1.9-, 1.8- and 1.6-fold for these same cells treated with WR1065, respectively. Metformin (250 mg/kg) was effective in protecting splenic cells from a 7 Gy dose in vivo (protection factor = 1.8). Amifostine (400 mg/kg), administered 30 min prior to irradiation resulted in a 2.6-fold survival elevation, while metformin administered 24 h after irradiation in combination with NAC (400 mg/kg), MESNA (300 mg/kg) or captopril (200 mg/kg) enhanced survival by 2.6-, 2.8- and 2.4-fold, respectively. Each of these agents has been approved by the FDA for human use and each has a well characterized human safety profile. Metformin alone or in combination with selected sulfhydryl agents possesses radioprotective properties when administered 24 h after radiation exposure comparable to that observed for amifostine administered 30 min prior to irradiation making it a potentially useful agent for radiation countermeasures use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.