ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
An outer membrane channel protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with exotoxin activity.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Review
- Article
- Key Proteins and Enzymatic Mechanisms Underlying Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Secreted proteins ofFrontiers in tuberculosis · 2026Review
- Contribution of Proteins to Membrane and Cell Wall Structures in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Protein-Mediated Virulence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Beyond Hotspot Mutations: Diagnostic Relevance of High Frequency, Low Frequency, and DisputedPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein secretion by ESX-4 and the outer membrane EsxUT-EsxEF complex.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Protease shaving ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- TowardMicroorganisms · 2024Review
- Comprehensive pan-genome analysis of Mycobacterium marinum: insights into genomic diversity, evolution, and pathogenicity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cell envelope diversity and evolution across the bacterial tree of life.Nature microbiology · 2024Review
- A Novel Bi-Directional Channel for Nutrient Uptake across Mycobacterial Outer Envelope.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Marine sponge microbe provides insights into evolution and virulence of the tubercle bacillus.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Dissemination of pathogenic bacteria is reinforced by a MARTX toxin effector duet.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Evolution of fungal tuberculosis necrotizing toxin (TNT) domain-containing enzymes reveals divergent adaptations to enhance NAD cleavage.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2024Article
- Evolution and emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- The C-terminus is essential for the stability of the mycobacterial channel protein MspA.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2024Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The ability to control the timing and mode of host cell death plays a pivotal role in microbial infections. Many bacteria use toxins to kill host cells and evade immune responses. Such toxins are unknown in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Virulent M. tuberculosis strains induce necrotic cell death in macrophages by an obscure molecular mechanism. Here we show that the M. tuberculosis protein Rv3903c (channel protein with necrosis-inducing toxin, CpnT) consists of an N-terminal channel domain that is used for uptake of nutrients across the outer membrane and a secreted toxic C-terminal domain. Infection experiments revealed that CpnT is required for survival and cytotoxicity of M. tuberculosis in macrophages. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the C-terminal domain of CpnT causes necrotic cell death in eukaryotic cells. Thus, CpnT has a dual function in uptake of nutrients and induction of host cell death by M. tuberculosis.
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Registered trials
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