ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
Multiple lines of evidence for the origin of domesticated chili pepper, Capsicum annuum, in Mexico.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Spicy Food and Chili Peppers and Multiple Health Outcomes: Umbrella Review.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2022Pooled it
- The dual role of capsaicin in inflammatory bowel disease: from TRPV1-mediated protection to neurogenic inflammation.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Phenotypic Plasticity Beyond Domestication: Trait- and Accession-Dependent Responses to Light inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evolution and domestication-trait associations of ultra-long centromere haplotypes in pepper plants.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
- From High-Density Genomic Mapping to Precision Molecular Breeding: A Comprehensive Review ofGenes · 2026Review
- Spicy Personality: On the Relationship Between Personality Traits and the Preference for Spicy Foods.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Capsaicinoid Profiles, Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Properties of Chili Peppers Grown in Urban Settings.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Role of Metal-Based Nanoparticles inACS omega · 2025Review
- Transposon proliferation drives genome architecture and regulatory evolution in wild and domesticated peppers.Nature plants · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Reveal Biosynthetic Pathways and Regulatory Mechanisms of Phenylpropanes in Different Ploidy ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Interdisciplinary insights into the cultural and chronological context of chili pepper (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Biocontrol Activity ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Article
- Dissection of Metabolome and Transcriptome-Insights into Capsaicin and Flavonoid Accumulation in Two Typical Yunnan Xiaomila Fruits.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Genetic tapestry of Capsicum fruit colors: a comparative analysis of four cultivated species.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2024Article
- Genome-Wide Analysis ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Evolutionary relationships, hybridization and diversification under domestication of the locoto chile (Frontiers in plant science · 2024Article
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The study of crop origins has traditionally involved identifying geographic areas of high morphological diversity, sampling populations of wild progenitor species, and the archaeological retrieval of macroremains. Recent investigations have added identification of plant microremains (phytoliths, pollen, and starch grains), biochemical and molecular genetic approaches, and dating through (14)C accelerator mass spectrometry. We investigate the origin of domesticated chili pepper, Capsicum annuum, by combining two approaches, species distribution modeling and paleobiolinguistics, with microsatellite genetic data and archaeobotanical data. The combination of these four lines of evidence yields consensus models indicating that domestication of C. annuum could have occurred in one or both of two areas of Mexico: northeastern Mexico and central-east Mexico. Genetic evidence shows more support for the more northern location, but jointly all four lines of evidence support central-east Mexico, where preceramic macroremains of chili pepper have been recovered in the Valley of Tehuacán. Located just to the east of this valley is the center of phylogenetic diversity of Proto-Otomanguean, a language spoken in mid-Holocene times and the oldest protolanguage for which a word for chili pepper reconstructs based on historical linguistics. For many crops, especially those that do not have a strong archaeobotanical record or phylogeographic pattern, it is difficult to precisely identify the time and place of their origin. Our results for chili pepper show that expressing all data in similar distance terms allows for combining contrasting lines of evidence and locating the region(s) where cultivation and domestication of a crop began.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.