ArticlePloS one2014
Independent adipogenic and contractile properties of fibroblasts in Graves' orbitopathy: an in vitro model for the evaluation of treatments.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stimulation of Piezo1 Mechanosensitive Channels Inhibits Adipogenesis in Thyroid Eye Disease.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Three-Dimensional Culture of Orbital Fibroblasts From Thyroid Eye Disease Induce In Vivo-Like Tissue Remodeling and Fibrosis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Reveals the Molecular Weight Distribution of Hyaluronan Produced by Orbital Fibroblasts.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Distinct Transcriptomic Profiles of Cultured Anterior and Posterior Populations of Human Infant Scleral Fibroblasts: Including Dopamine Receptors.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Review
- Identifying Phenotypically Distinct Fibroblast Subsets in Type 2 Diabetes-Associated Iatrogenic Laryngotracheal Stenosis.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Article
- Article
- Omidenepag, a Selective, Prostanoid EP2 Agonist, Does Not Suppress Adipogenesis in 3D Organoids of Human Orbital Fibroblasts.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- Novel PEGylated Lipid Nanoparticles Have a High Encapsulation Efficiency and Effectively Deliver MRTF-B siRNA in Conjunctival Fibroblasts.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Thyroid eye disease: current and potential medical management.International ophthalmology · 2020Review
- Fibrosis in dysthyroid eye disease.Eye (London, England) · 2020Article
- Macrophages promote a profibrotic phenotype in orbital fibroblasts through increased hyaluronic acid production and cell contractility.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Cambridge Ophthalmological Symposium 2018: introduction and reflections on the day.Eye (London, England) · 2019Article
- HIF2A-LOX Pathway Promotes Fibrotic Tissue Remodeling in Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy.Endocrinology · 2019Article
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Like Properties of Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves' Orbitopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2015Article
- Eyelid and Sternum Fibroblasts Differ in Their Contraction Potential and Responses to Inflammatory Cytokines.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2015Article
- TSH-receptor-expressing fibrocytes and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2015Review
- Platelet-derived growth factor: a key factor in the pathogenesis of graves' ophthalmopathy and potential target for treatment.European thyroid journal · 2014Review
- Therapeutic targets for fibro-inflammation in Graves' orbitopathy.Taiwan journal of ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is a disfiguring and sometimes blinding disease, characterised by inflammation and swelling of orbital tissues, with fibrosis and adipogenesis being predominant features. Little is known about the disease aetiology and the molecular mechanisms driving the phenotypic changes in orbital fibroblasts are unknown. Using fibroblasts isolated from the orbital fat of undiseased individuals or GO patients, we have established a novel in vitro model to evaluate the dual profile of GO cells in a three-dimensional collagen matrix; this pseudo-physiological 3D environment allows measurement of their contractile and adipogenic properties. GO cells contracted collagen matrices more efficiently than control cells following serum or TGFβ1 stimulation, and showed a slightly increased ability to proliferate in the 3D matrix, in accordance with a fibro-proliferative phenotype. GO cells, unlike controls, also spontaneously differentiated into adipocytes in 3D cultures - confirming an intrinsic adipogenic profile. However, both control and GO cells underwent adipogenesis when cultured under pathological pressure levels. We further demonstrate that a Thy-1-low population of GO cells underlies the adipogenic - but not the contractile - phenotype and, using inhibitors, confirm that the contractile and adipogenic phenotypes are regulated by separate pathways. In view of the current lack of suitable treatment for GO, we propose that this new model testing the duality of the GO phenotype could be useful as a preclinical evaluation for the efficacy of potential treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.