ArticleNature medicine2014
The microbiota regulates neutrophil homeostasis and host resistance to Escherichia coli K1 sepsis in neonatal mice.
Article in Nature medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 331 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
331 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Review: the role of GSDMD in sepsis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Pooled it
- Gut microbiota-driven IL-17A production by hepatic γδ T cells enhances neutrophil defense against systemicVirulence · 2026Article
- Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Sepsis: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Advances.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Emergency granulopoiesis and innate immune memory in inflammatory bowel disease.Trends in immunology · 2026Review
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Gut-brain-immune interactions in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Review
- A novel postbiotic fromJournal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2026Article
- Ocular immune homeostasis-mechanisms of precise regulation through coordination of the eye, visual system and beyond: a narrative review.Annals of eye science · 2026Article
- Vancomycin disrupts mitochondrial morphology and function and impairs macrophage fungal killing.mBio · 2026Article
- Antibiotic-induced gut microbiome dysbiosis: risks and strategies for mitigation.The EMBO journal · 2026Review
- Review
- The intestinal microbiota impacts nutritional immunity and resistance toProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- [Differential analysis of gut microbiome in patients with periprosthetic joint infection, aseptic failure, and osteoarthritis].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2026Article
- Antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption impairs neutrophil-mediated immunity to respiratorymBio · 2026Article
- Depletion of Neonatal Neutrophilic Cells Worsens the Outcome of E. coli Sepsis in Newborn Mice.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Phage-steering permits antibody-mediated clearance of E. coli K1 from the gut.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A single cell atlas defines perinatal factors that drive murine bone marrow development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota and Interorgan Communication Among the Gut, Brain, and Beyond.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Review
- The expansion of culturable opportunistic pathogens and antibiotic resistance in mouse gut following antibiotic exposure.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Immune system ontogeny-a subtle evolution to perfection.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
271 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neonatal colonization by microbes, which begins immediately after birth, is influenced by gestational age and the mother's microbiota and is modified by exposure to antibiotics. In neonates, prolonged duration of antibiotic therapy is associated with increased risk of late-onset sepsis (LOS), a disorder controlled by neutrophils. A role for the microbiota in regulating neutrophil development and susceptibility to sepsis in the neonate remains unclear. We exposed pregnant mouse dams to antibiotics in drinking water to limit transfer of maternal microbes to the neonates. Antibiotic exposure of dams decreased the total number and composition of microbes in the intestine of the neonates. This was associated with decreased numbers of circulating and bone marrow neutrophils and granulocyte/macrophage-restricted progenitor cells in the bone marrow of antibiotic-treated and germ-free neonates. Antibiotic exposure of dams reduced the number of interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing cells in the intestine and production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Granulocytopenia was associated with impaired host defense and increased susceptibility to Escherichia coli K1 and Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis in antibiotic-treated neonates, which could be partially reversed by administration of G-CSF. Transfer of a normal microbiota into antibiotic-treated neonates induced IL-17 production by group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in the intestine, increasing plasma G-CSF levels and neutrophil numbers in a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)- and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-dependent manner and restored IL-17-dependent resistance to sepsis. Specific depletion of ILCs prevented IL-17- and G-CSF-dependent granulocytosis and resistance to sepsis. These data support a role for the intestinal microbiota in regulation of granulocytosis, neutrophil homeostasis and host resistance to sepsis in neonates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.