ArticleThe Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine2014
Masculine boys, feminine girls, and cancer risk behaviors: an 11-year longitudinal study.
Article in The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic review of cigars, cigarillos, and little cigars among adolescents: Setting research agenda to inform tobacco control policy.Addictive behaviors · 2019Pooled it
- Nonconforming gender expression and adolescent indoor tanning.BMC public health · 2025Article
- MANdatory - why men need (and are needed for) gender equality progress.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Review
- Is There Influence of Gender and the Specificity of Sports Activities on the Performance of Body Balance in Young Athletes?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Gender Expression and Sexual Orientation Differences in Diet Quality and Eating Habits from Adolescence to Young Adulthood.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2019Article
- Femininity, masculinity, and body image in a community-based sample of lesbian and bisexual women.Women & health · 2019Article
- Patterns and Correlates of Tobacco and Cannabis co-use by Tobacco Product Type: Findings from the Virginia Youth Survey.Substance use & misuse · 2018Article
- Differences in puff topography, toxicant exposure, and subjective response between waterpipe tobacco smoking men and women.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2018Article
- Decrements in health-related quality of life associated with gender nonconformity among U.S. adolescents and young adults.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2017Article
- Gender Conformity and Use of Laxatives and Muscle-Building Products in Adolescents and Young Adults.Pediatrics · 2016Article
- Gender expression associated with BMI in a prospective cohort study of US adolescents.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2016Article
- Sex Differences in Hookah-Related Images Posted on Tumblr: A Content Analysis.Journal of health communication · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveCancer risk behaviors often begin in adolescence and persist through adulthood. Tobacco use, indoor tanning, and physical inactivity are highly prevalent, socially patterned cancer risk behaviors, and their prevalence differs strongly by sex. It is therefore possible that these behaviors also differ by gender expression within the sexes due to social patterning.
methodsWe examined whether five cancer risk behaviors differed by childhood gender expression within the sexes and whether patterns of media engagement (e.g., magazine readership and trying to look like media personalities) explained possible differences, in a U.S. population-based cohort (N = 9,435).
resultsThe most feminine girls had higher prevalence of indoor tanning (prevalence risk ratio [pRR] = 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23-1.42) and physical inactivity (pRR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.01-1.34) and lower prevalence of worse smoking trajectory (prevalence odds ratio = .75, 95% CI = .65-.88) and smoking cigars (pRR = .61, 95% CI = .47-.79) compared with least feminine girls. Media engagement accounted for part of the higher prevalence of indoor tanning. The most masculine boys were more likely to chew tobacco (pRR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.14-2.79) and smoke cigars (pRR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.17-2.06) but less likely to follow a worse smoking trajectory (prevalence odds ratio = .69, 95% CI = .55-.87) and be physically inactive (pRR = .54, 95% CI = .43-.69) compared with least masculine boys.
conclusionsWe found some strong differences in patterns of cancer risk behaviors by gender expression within the sexes. Prevention efforts that challenge the "masculinity" of smoking cigarettes and cigars and chewing tobacco and the "femininity" of indoor tanning to reduce their appeal to adolescents should be explored.
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