SynthesisCritical care (London, England)2014
Parenteral glutamine supplementation in critical illness: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Critical care (London, England), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- Omega-6 sparing effects of parenteral lipid emulsions-an updated systematic review and meta-analysis on clinical outcomes in critically ill patients.Critical care (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of glutamine supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors and inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Pooled it
- Enteral glutamine supplementation in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2015Pooled it
- Glutamine Supplementation in Intensive Care Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.Medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Trial
- Role of heat shock protein and cytokine expression as markers of clinical outcomes with glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition in surgical ICU patients.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2020Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Glutamine-supplemented Parenteral Nutrition in Surgical ICU Patients: An American Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.Annals of surgery · 2016Trial
- The Glutamate-Glutamine Axis in Pediatric Septic Shock: Immunometabolic Mechanisms, Biomarker Potential, and Clinical Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Glutamine Supplementation and Exercise: A Narrative Review of Biochemical Mechanisms and Timing Strategies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Oral low dose of glutamine improved the spontaneous closure in patients with external duodenal fistula: a retrospective comparative study with propensity score matching.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Nutritional therapy for MRSA sepsis complicated with pulmonary embolism in children under limited energy and nutrient conditions: a case report.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Perioperative Glutamine Supplementation May Restore Atrophy of Psoas Muscles in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients Undergoing Gastrectomy.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Exertional heat stroke: nutritional considerations.Experimental physiology · 2022Review
- Severe COVID-19 Is Characterised by Perturbations in Plasma Amines Correlated with Immune Response Markers, and Linked to Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Exudative glutamine losses contribute to high needs after burn injury.JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition · 2022Article
- Serum Levels of Acylcarnitines and Amino Acids Are Associated with Liberation from Organ Support in Patients with Septic Shock.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Evaluation of immunomodulatory nutrients in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit.Northern clinics of Istanbul · 2022Article
- Glutamine Administration Attenuates Kidney Inflammation in Obese Mice Complicated with Polymicrobial Sepsis.Mediators of inflammation · 2021Article
- Serum reactive oxygen species and apoptosis markers in septic patients.Anaesthesiology intensive therapy · 2021Article
- Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids in Critical Illness: From Physiological Alterations to Relevant Clinical Practice.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe potential benefit of parenteral glutamine (GLN) supplementation has been one of the most commonly studied nutritional interventions in the critical care setting. The aim of this systematic review was to incorporate recent trials of traditional parenteral GLN supplementation in critical illness with previously existing data.
methodsAll randomized controlled trials of parenterally administered GLN in critically ill patients conducted from 1997 to 2013 were identified. Studies of enteral GLN only or combined enteral/parenteral GLN were excluded. Methodological quality of studies was scored and data was abstracted by independent reviewers.
resultsA total of 26 studies involving 2,484 patients examining only parenteral GLN supplementation of nutrition support were identified in ICU patients. Parenteral GLN supplementation was associated with a trend towards a reduction of overall mortality (relative risk (RR) 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75, 1.03, P = 0.10) and a significant reduction in hospital mortality (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.51, 0.90, P = 0.008). In addition, parenteral GLN was associated with a strong trend towards a reduction in infectious complications (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.73, 1.02, P = 0.09) and ICU length of stay (LOS) (WMD -1.91, (95% CI -4.10, 0.28, P = 0.09) and significant reduction in hospital LOS (WMD -2.56, 95% CI -4.71, -0.42, P = 0.02). In the subset of studies examining patients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN), parenteral GLN supplementation was associated with a trend towards reduced overall mortality (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71, 1.01, P = 0.07).
conclusionsParenteral GLN supplementation given in conjunction with nutrition support continues to be associated with a significant reduction in hospital mortality and hospital LOS. Parenteral GLN supplementation as a component of nutrition support should continue to be considered to improve outcomes in critically ill patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.