Trial reportPloS one2014
Differences in innate cytokine responses between European and African children.
Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunomodulatory activity of pidotimod administered with standard antibiotic therapy in children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia.Journal of translational medicine · 2015Trial
- Early-life immunological and microbial differences between East African and North European children.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- A functional genomics approach in Tanzanian population identifies distinct genetic regulators of cytokine production compared to European population.American journal of human genetics · 2022Article
- Inflammatory cytokine responses in children with asymptomatic malaria infection living in rural, semi-urban and urban areas in south-eastern Gabon.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Article
- Article
- Paracoccidioimycosis and white individuals: Susceptibility and biogeographic aspects in an important endemic area in Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Kawasaki Disease and Clinical Outcome Disparities Among Black Children.The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- The conundrum of human immune system "senescence".Mechanisms of ageing and development · 2020Review
- Platelet and hemoglobin count at diagnosis are associated with survival in African American and Caucasian patients with colorectal cancer.Cancer epidemiology · 2020Article
- Epidemiology of Schistosomiasis and Soil-Transmitted Helminth Coinfections among Schoolchildren Living in Lambaréné, Gabon.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Article
- Characterization of biological variation of peripheral blood immune cytome in an Indian cohort.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- [Research advances in the pathogenesis of familial Kawasaki disease].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2018Review
- Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Colorectal Cancer Survival in African American and Caucasian Patients.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2018Article
- Lack of broad functional differences in immunity in fully vaccinated vs. unvaccinated children.Pediatric research · 2017Article
- Postnatal Innate Immune Development: From Birth to Adulthood.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Whole genome sequencing of an African American family highlights toll like receptor 6 variants in Kawasaki disease susceptibility.PloS one · 2017Article
- Race and 30-Day Morbidity in Pediatric Urologic Surgery.Pediatrics · 2016Article
- Comparison of Human Neonatal and Adult Blood Leukocyte Subset Composition Phenotypes.PloS one · 2016Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although differences in immunological responses between populations have been found in terms of vaccine efficacy, immune responses to infections and prevalence of chronic inflammatory diseases, the mechanisms responsible for these differences are not well understood. Therefore, innate cytokine responses mediated by various classes of pattern-recognition receptors including Toll-like receptors (TLR), C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) and nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-like receptors (NLRs) were compared between Dutch (European), semi-urban and rural Gabonese (African) children. Whole blood was stimulated for 24 hours and the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the anti-inflammatory/regulatory interleukin-10 (IL-10) cytokines in culture supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gabonese children had a lower pro-inflammatory response to poly(I:C) (TLR3 ligand), but a higher pro-inflammatory response to FSL-1 (TLR2/6 ligand), Pam3 (TLR2/1 ligand) and LPS (TLR4 ligand) compared to Dutch children. Anti-inflammatory responses to Pam3 were also higher in Gabonese children. Non-TLR ligands did not induce substantial cytokine production on their own. Interaction between various TLR and non-TLR receptors was further assessed, but no differences were found between the three populations. In conclusion, using a field applicable assay, significant differences were observed in cytokine responses between European and African children to TLR ligands, but not to non-TLR ligands.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.