SynthesisBMJ open2014
Chronic kidney disease as a risk factor for acute community-acquired infections in high-income countries: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Severe Albuminuria on the Proinflammatory Monocyte Subset CD14++CD16+ and Antigen-Specific Immune Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Vaccine efficacy in CKD patients not on dialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Clinical experience with sodium-glucose transport 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Association between reduced kidney function and tuberculosis treatment outcomes.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Procalcitonin levels in septic and nonseptic subjects with AKI and ESKD prior to and during continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT).Critical care (London, England) · 2025Article
- Novel predictors of infection-related rehospitalization in older patients with heart failure in Japan.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2025Article
- Kidney Function Decline After COVID-19 Infection.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- The Joint Effect of Renal Function Status and Coagulation Biomarkers on In-Hospital Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Intravenous Thrombolysis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Article
- Lower prognostic nutritional index is associated with a greater decline in long-term kidney function in general population.Nutrition journal · 2024Article
- Drugs with a negative impact on cognitive functions (part 3): antibacterial agents in patients with chronic kidney disease.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Review
- Chronic kidney disease and the global public health agenda: an international consensus.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- Acute myeloma kidney and SARS-COV2 infection with dialysis need: never say never - a case report.BMC nephrology · 2023Article
- The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on diabetes care indices in Southern Iran: an interrupted time series analysis.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Chronic Kidney Disease-An Underestimated Risk Factor for Antimicrobial Resistance in Patients with Urinary Tract Infections.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Causes of Hospitalization among End-Stage Kidney Disease Cohort before and after Hemodialysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Effect of chronic kidney disease on all-cause mortality in tuberculosis disease: an Australian cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- A negative association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and infection risk in elderly stage 5 chronic kidney disease patients.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2022Article
- Discovery and fine-mapping of kidney function loci in first genome-wide association study in Africans.Human molecular genetics · 2021Article
- Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on chronic diseases care follow-up and current perspectives in low resource settings: a narrative review.International journal of physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology · 2021Review
- Medication management and adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives and experiences from low-and middle-income countries.Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveA systematic review of the association of predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) with the incidence of acute, community-acquired infections.
designWe searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases (inception to 16 January 2014) for studies analysing the association of predialysis kidney disease with the incidence of acute, community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI), lower respiratory tract or central nervous system infections or sepsis. Studies were required to include at least 30 participants with and without kidney disease. SETTING AND
participantsCommunity-based populations of adults in high-income countries. OUTCOME MEASURES: Acute, community-acquired UTI, lower respiratory tract or central nervous system infections or sepsis.
resultsWe identified 14 eligible studies. Estimates from two studies lacked 95% CIs and SEs. The remaining 12 studies yielded 17 independent effect estimates. Only three studies included infections managed in the community. Quality assessment revealed that probable misclassification of kidney disease status and poor adjustment for confounding were common. There was evidence from a few large high-quality studies of a graded association between predialysis CKD stage and hospitalisation for infection. One study found an interaction with age, with a declining effect of CKD on infection risk as age increased. There was evidence of between-studies heterogeneity (I(2)=96.5%, p<0.001) which persisted in subgroup analysis, and thus meta-analysis was not performed.
conclusionsPredialysis kidney disease appears to be associated with increased risk of severe infection. Whether predialysis kidney disease increases the susceptibility to infections and whether age modifies this association remains unclear.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.