ArticleParasites & vectors2014
Genotyping and subtyping Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis carried by flies on dairy farms in Henan, China.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- The global prevalence of parasites in non-biting flies as vectors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2023Pooled it
- Comparative study on the diversity and abundance of bacterial composition in four non-biting synanthropic flies from The Gambia and China.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Advances and Prospects in Odour-based Management of Filth Flies.Journal of chemical ecology · 2026Review
- Evaluating the role of synanthropic filth flies in the transmission of zoonotic parasites: field and laboratory evidence from different animal rearing sites in upper Egypt with focus on Cryptosporidium spp.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Sympatric non-biting flies serve as potential vectors of zoonotic protozoan parasites on pig farms in China.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Genetic Characterization and Zoonotic Potential ofTransboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review of Zoonotic Enteric Parasites Carried by Flies, Cockroaches, and Dung Beetles.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Zoonotic enteric parasites in Mongolian people, animals, and the environment: Using One Health to address shared pathogens.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Observation of Giardia sp. in the termite gut of Heterotermes tenuis.Parasitology research · 2021Article
- Molecular prevalence and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in cattle in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey.Parasitology research · 2020Article
- Identification of UncommonFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- Occurrence of Giardia duodenalis assemblages in farmed long-tailed chinchillas Chinchilla lanigera (Rodentia) from Romania.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges.Parasites & vectors · 2017Review
- Reference gene stability of a synanthropic fly, Chrysomya megacephala.Parasites & vectors · 2015Article
- Zoonotic parasites in feces and fur of stray and private dogs from Italy.Parasitology research · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCryptosporidium and Giardia are important causes of diarrhea diseases in humans and animals worldwide, and both of them are transmitted by the fecal-oral route, either by direct contact or by the ingestion of contaminated food or water. The role of flies in the mechanical transmission of Cryptosporidium and Giardia has been receiving increasing attention. To date, no information is available in China about the occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in flies. We here investigated Cryptosporidium and Giardia in flies on dairy farms in Henan Province, China, at the genotype and subtype levels.
methodsEight hundred flies were randomly collected from two dairy farms from July 2010 to September 2010 and were divided evenly into 40 batches. The fly samples were screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia with nested PCR. Cryptosporidium was genotyped and subtyped by analyzing the DNA sequences of small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) and 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) genes, respectively. The identity of Giardia was determined by sequence analyzing of the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi), glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and β-giardin (bg) genes.
resultsForty batches of flies had 10% of contamination with Cryptosporidium or Giardia, with a mixed infection of the two parasites in one batch of flies. The Cryptosporidium isolates were identified as C. parvum at the SSU rRNA locus, and all belonged to subtype IIdA19G1 at the gp60 locus. The Giardia isolates were all identified as assemblage E of G. duodenalis at the tpi, gdh, and bg loci. One novel subtype of assemblage E was identified based on the gdh and bg loci.
conclusionsThis is the first molecular study of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in flies identified at both genotype and subtype levels. SSU rRNA and gp60 sequences of C. parvum in flies was 100% homologous with those derived from humans, suggesting flies act as an epidemiological vector of zoonotic cryptosporidiosis. The variable PCR efficiencies observed in the analysis of Giardia at different loci suggest that we should use the multilocus genotyping tool in future studies to increase the detection rate, and importantly, to obtain more complete genetic information on Giardia isolates.
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