SynthesisPloS one2014
Risk of melanoma in people with HIV/AIDS in the pre- and post-HAART eras: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of melanoma, version 3.0.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Guideline
- [Enhanced recovery after surgery-Does the ERAS concept keep its promises].Der Chirurg; Zeitschrift fur alle Gebiete der operativen Medizen · 2021Pooled it
- Skin cancer and skin cancer risk behaviors among sexual and gender minority populations: A systematic review.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2020Pooled it
- Risk of Skin Cancers in Older Persons Living With HIV: A Systematic Review.The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANACPooled it
- Immunotherapy for Melanoma in Patients with Altered Immune Systems: Unique Challenges and Clinical Considerations.Advances in therapy · 2026Review
- Melanoma in people living with HIV: antigen-presentation loss, spatial immune escape, and inclusive immunotherapy trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Malignant Melanoma in a Retrospective Cohort of Immunocompromised Patients: A Statistical and Pathologic Analysis.Cancers · 2023Article
- Racial and Ethnic Healthcare Disparities in Skin Cancer in the United States: A Review of Existing Inequities, Contributing Factors, and Potential Solutions.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2022Review
- Time trends in cancer incidence in Australian people living with HIV between 1982 and 2012.HIV medicine · 2022Article
- Malignant melanoma: evolving practice management in an era of increasingly effective systemic therapies.Current problems in surgery · 2022Review
- Synchronous and metachronous malignant melanomas arising in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient after the commencement of highly active antiretroviral therapy treatment: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2021Article
- Melanoma Risk is Increased in Patients with Mycosis Fungoides Compared with Patients with Psoriasis and the General Population.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2020Article
- Risk factors for the development of cutaneous melanoma after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2020Article
- PD-1 inhibition in malignant melanoma and lack of clinical response in chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the same patients: a case series.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2020Article
- HIV-Related Skin Disease in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy: Recognition and Management.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2019Review
- Mutual Risks of Cutaneous Melanoma and Specific Lymphoid Neoplasms: Second Cancer Occurrence and Survival.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2018Article
- Brief Report: Cutaneous Melanoma Risk Among People With HIV in the United States and Canada.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- Risk of invasive melanoma in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with biologics: results from a collaborative project of 11 European biologic registers.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2017Article
- What is the impact of biologic therapies on common co-morbidities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?Arthritis research & therapy · 2016Review
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus as a Chronic Disease: Evaluation and Management of Nonacquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome-Defining Conditions.Open forum infectious diseases · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveFollowing the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) the risk of AIDS-defining cancers decreased but incidence of many non-AIDS-defining cancers has reportedly increased in those with HIV/AIDS. Whether melanoma risk has also changed in HIV/AIDS patients post-HAART is unknown and therefore we evaluated this in comparison with the risk before HAART.
designSystematic review and meta-analysis.
methodsWe searched Medline, Embase and ISI science citation index databases to April 2013. All cohort studies of patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS that permitted quantitative assessment of the association with melanoma were eligible. Detailed quality assessment of eligible studies was conducted, focussing particularly on adjustment for ethnicity, a priori considered essential for an unbiased assessment of melanoma risk. Data were pooled using a random effects model.
resultsFrom 288 articles, we identified 21 that met the inclusion criteria, 13 presenting data for the post-HAART era and 8 for the pre-HAART era. Post-HAART the pooled relative risk (pRR) for the association between HIV/AIDS and melanoma was 1.26 (95% CI, 0.97-1.64) and 1.50 (95% CI 1.12-2.01) among studies that accounted for ethnicity, with evidence of significant heterogeneity (P = 0.004, I2 = 55.5). Pre-HAART pRRs were 1.26 (95% CI 1.11-1.43; P het = 0.82) and 1.28 (95% CI 1.10-1.49) among studies adjusted for ethnicity.
conclusionsPeople with HIV/AIDS remain at a significantly increased risk of developing melanoma in the post-HAART era. White skinned people with HIV/AIDS should be screened regularly and counselled against excessive sun exposure.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.