Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24739485›Full record

ArticleNature communications2014

Cellular protection using Flt3 and PI3Kα inhibitors demonstrates multiple mechanisms of oxidative glutamate toxicity.

Yunyi Kang, Stefano Tiziani, Goonho Park, Marcus Kaul, Giovanni Paternostro

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
80citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

80 citing papers in PubMed, 125 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Experimental neurobiology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
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  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Neuroprotective Effects of Ethanol ExtractInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yunyi KangSanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Stefano TizianiDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, Texas 78723, USA.
Goonho ParkSanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Marcus KaulSanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Giovanni PaternostroSanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute · US

Funding

Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer ImmunologyP30CA030199 · NCI · SANFORD BURNHAM PREBYS MEDICAL DISCOVERY INSTITUTE · PI Michael Jackson · 1985 to 2026
$107.2M
Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center (TMARC)P50DA026306 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI GRANT, IGOR · 2009 to 2018
$33.9M
Systems Biology CoreP01HL098053 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI POWELL, FRANK L. · 2010 to 2014
$10.2M
Neuroprotection by IFN-beta in AIDSR01MH087332 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE · PI KAUL, MARCUS · 2010 to 2019
$5.2M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA030199NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL098053NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA026306NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH087332
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glutamate-induced oxidative stress is a major contributor to neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we identify small-molecule inhibitors of this process. We screen a kinase inhibitor library on neuronal cells and identify Flt3 and PI3Kα inhibitors as potent protectors against glutamate toxicity. Both inhibitors prevented reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial hyperpolarization and lipid peroxidation in neuronal cells, but they do so by distinct molecular mechanisms. The PI3Kα inhibitor protects cells by inducing partial restoration of depleted glutathione levels and accumulation of intracellular amino acids, whereas the Flt3 inhibitor prevents lipid peroxidation, a key mechanism of glutamate-mediated toxicity. We also demonstrate that glutamate toxicity involves a combination of ferroptosis, necrosis and AIF-dependent apoptosis. We confirm the protective effect by using multiple inhibitors of these kinases and multiple cell types. Our results not only identify compounds that protect against glutamate-stimulated oxidative stress, but also provide new insights into the mechanisms of glutamate toxicity in neurons.

Indexed as

ApoptosisCell LineClass I Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesEnzyme Inhibitorsfms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3Glutamic AcidOxidation-ReductionOxidative StressPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesPhosphoinositide-3 Kinase InhibitorsReactive Oxygen SpeciesClass I Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesEnzyme InhibitorsFLT3 protein, humanfms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3Glutamic AcidPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesPhosphoinositide-3 Kinase InhibitorsPIK3CA protein, humanReactive Oxygen Species

Identifiers

PMID24739485
PMCPMC4128233
OpenAlexW2059373323

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.