ArticlePloS one2014
Effects of 12 weeks high-intensity & reduced-volume training in elite athletes.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on athletes' aerobic endurance performance parameters.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- A Single Dose of Beetroot Juice not Enhance Performance during Intervallic Swimming Efforts.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2024Trial
- Effects of a commercially available branched-chain amino acid-alanine-carbohydrate-based sports supplement on perceived exertion and performance in high intensity endurance cycling tests.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2020Trial
- One Sprinter, Two Olympic Preparations: A Single-Athlete Longitudinal Observational Study of Training-Intensity Distribution and Implications for Future 50 m Events.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Case Study on the Development of a High-Intensity Interval Training Set for a National-Level Middle-Distance Swimmer: The Conception of the Faster-than-Race Pace Test Set.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Comparison of different interval training methods on athletes' oxygen uptake: a systematic review with pairwise and network meta-analysis.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Comparative effectiveness of physical training modalities on swimming performance: a two-tier network meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Evaluation of the Left Ventricular Myocardium Using Layer-Specific Strain Analysis in Adolescent Athletes Performing High-Intensity Interval Training.Pediatric cardiology · 2024Article
- Comparison of Ultra-Short Race Pace and High-Intensity Interval Training in Age Group Competitive Swimmers.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The effect of combining HIIT and dry-land training on strength, technique, and 100-m butterfly swimming performance in age-group swimmers: a randomized controlled trial.Biology of sport · 2023Article
- Effects of Moderate- versus Mixed-Intensity Training on VOSports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The effects of human sera conditioned by high-intensity exercise sessions and training on the tumorigenic potential of cancer cells.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2021Article
- Acute Physiological Responses to Ultra Short Race-Pace Training in Competitive Swimmers.Journal of human kinetics · 2020Article
- Ultra-Short Race-Pace Training (USRPT) In Swimming: Current Perspectives.Open access journal of sports medicine · 2019Article
- The Effect of Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Citrulline, and Arginine on High-Intensity Interval Performance in Young Swimmers.Nutrients · 2018Article
- High-Intensity Interval Training Performed by Young Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Quality versus Quantity Debate in Swimming: Perceptions and Training Practices of Expert Swimming Coaches.Journal of human kinetics · 2017Article
- Effects of in-water passive recovery on sprint swimming performance and heart rate in adolescent swimmers.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It was investigated if high-intensity interval training (HIT) at the expense of total training volume improves performance, maximal oxygen uptake and swimming economy. 41 elite swimmers were randomly allocated to a control (CON) or HIT group. For 12 weeks both groups trained ∼12 h per week. HIT comprised ∼5 h vs. 1 h and total distance was ∼17 km vs. 35 km per week for HIT and CON, respectively. HIT was performed as 6-10×10-30 s maximal effort interspersed by 2-4 minutes of rest. Performance of 100 m all-out freestyle and 200 m freestyle was similar before and after the intervention in both HIT (60.4±4.0 vs. 60.3±4.0 s; n = 13 and 133.2±6.4 vs. 132.6±7.7 s; n = 14) and CON (60.2±3.7 vs. 60.6±3.8 s; n = 15 and 133.5±7.0 vs. 133.3±7.6 s; n = 15). Maximal oxygen uptake during swimming was similar before and after the intervention in both the HIT (4.0±0.9 vs. 3.8±1.0 l O2×min-1; n = 14) and CON (3.8±0.7 vs. 3.8±0.7 l O2×min-1; n = 11) group. Oxygen uptake determined at fixed submaximal speed was not significantly affected in either group by the intervention. Body fat % tended to increase (P = 0.09) in the HIT group (15.4±1.6% vs. 16.3±1.6%; P = 0.09; n = 16) and increased (P<0.05) in the CON group (13.9±1.5% vs. 14.9±1.5%; n = 17). A distance reduction of 50% and a more than doubled HIT amount for 12 weeks did neither improve nor compromise performance or physiological capacity in elite swimmers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.