ArticleInternational journal of geriatric psychiatry2014
Antecedents of intact cognition and dementia at age 90 years: a prospective study.
Article in International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Domain-specific physical activity levels and risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Public health · 2026Pooled it
- Do prenatal factors shape the risk for dementia?: A systematic review of the epidemiological evidence for the prenatal origins of dementia.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Physical activity as a protective factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease: systematic review, meta-analysis and quality assessment of cohort and case-control studies.British journal of sports medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Physical inactivity, cardiometabolic disease, and risk of dementia: an individual-participant meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2019Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to examine the possible antecedents of both dementia and sustained intact cognition at age 90 years among men who underwent a prospective, multidisciplinary assessment from ages 19 to 90 years, with little attrition.
methodsWe conducted a prospective 20-year reassessment of 196 (out of 268) former Harvard college sophomores who survived until age 70 years. Since 1939, the study gathered measurements of childhood environment, dominant personality traits, objective mental and physical health over time, smoking in pack-years, alcohol abuse, and depression. Questionnaires were obtained every 2 years and physical exams every 5 years. Cognitive status was assessed at ages 80, 85, and 90 years.
resultsDespite addressing a wide variety of health, behavioral, and social factors over the lifespan, we observed few predictors with strong association with either intact cognition at age 90 years (n = 40) or dementia (n = 44). Univariate analysis revealed seven suggestive predictors of intact cognition at age 90 years or of dementia: warm childhood relationship with mother, exercise at age 60 years, high maternal education, young age of mother at subject's birth, low body mass index, good physical health at 60 years, and late retirement. Only the first three variables, warm childhood relationship with mother, exercise at age 60 years, and high maternal education, remained significant with logistic regression.
conclusionsIn this prospective study of long-lived, highly educated men, several well-known putative predictors of Alzheimer's disease did not distinguish those who over the next 20 years developed dementia from those with unimpaired cognition until age 90 years.
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Registered trials
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