Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24733477›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2014

Lysine acetylation in sexual stage malaria parasites is a target for antimalarial small molecules.

Katharine Trenholme, Linda Marek, Sandra Duffy, Gabriele Pradel, Gillian Fisher, Finn K Hansen, Tina S Skinner-Adams, Alice Butterworth, Che Julius Ngwa, Jonas Moecking and 7 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
8.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Molecular mechanisms involved inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
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  3. Elevated NADNature communications · 2025
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  12. Disruption of theACS infectious diseases · 2020
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  15. Primaquine derivatives: Modifications of the terminal amino group.European journal of medicinal chemistry · 2019
    Review
  16. Article
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  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Katharine TrenholmeQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
Linda MarekInstitute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany.
Sandra DuffyEskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
Gabriele PradelInstitute of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
Gillian FisherEskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
Finn K HansenInstitute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany.
Tina S Skinner-AdamsEskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
Alice ButterworthQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
Che Julius NgwaInstitute of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
Jonas MoeckingInstitute of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
Christopher D GoodmanSchool of Botany, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Geoffrey I McFaddenSchool of Botany, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Subathdrage D M SumanadasaEskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
David P FairlieInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
Vicky M AveryEskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
Thomas KurzInstitute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany thomas.kurz@uni-duesseldorf.de k.andrews@griffith.edu.au.
Katherine T AndrewsEskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia thomas.kurz@uni-duesseldorf.de k.andrews@griffith.edu.au.
Griffith University · AUHeinrich Heine University Düsseldorf · DERWTH Aachen University · DEUniversity of Melbourne · AUUniversity of Queensland · AUQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Therapies to prevent transmission of malaria parasites to the mosquito vector are a vital part of the global malaria elimination agenda. Primaquine is currently the only drug with such activity; however, its use is limited by side effects. The development of transmission-blocking strategies requires an understanding of sexual stage malaria parasite (gametocyte) biology and the identification of new drug leads. Lysine acetylation is an important posttranslational modification involved in regulating eukaryotic gene expression and other essential processes. Interfering with this process with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors is a validated strategy for cancer and other diseases, including asexual stage malaria parasites. Here we confirm the expression of at least one HDAC protein in Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes and show that histone and nonhistone protein acetylation occurs in this life cycle stage. The activity of the canonical HDAC inhibitors trichostatin A (TSA) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA; Vorinostat) and a panel of novel HDAC inhibitors on early/late-stage gametocytes and on gamete formation was examined. Several compounds displayed early/late-stage gametocytocidal activity, with TSA being the most potent (50% inhibitory concentration, 70 to 90 nM). In contrast, no inhibitory activity was observed in P. falciparum gametocyte exflagellation experiments. Gametocytocidal HDAC inhibitors caused hyperacetylation of gametocyte histones, consistent with a mode of action targeting HDAC activity. Our data identify HDAC inhibitors as being among a limited number of compounds that target both asexual and sexual stage malaria parasites, making them a potential new starting point for gametocytocidal drug leads and valuable tools for dissecting gametocyte biology.

Indexed as

AcetylationAdenosine TriphosphateAnimalsAntimalarialsFlagellaHistone Deacetylase InhibitorsHistone DeacetylasesLysinePlasmodiumPlasmodium bergheiPlasmodium falciparumSmall Molecule LibrariesAdenosine TriphosphateAntimalarialsHistone Deacetylase InhibitorsHistone DeacetylasesLysineSmall Molecule Libraries

Identifiers

PMID24733477
PMCPMC4068603
OpenAlexW2124706780

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.