ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2014
A flexible urban health index for small area disparities.
Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Urban Health Indicator Tools of the Physical Environment: a Systematic Review.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2018Pooled it
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- Quantitative Evaluation of Spatial Accessibility of Various Urban Medical Services Based on Big Data of Outpatient Appointments.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The correlation between attack rates and urban health indicators during the third wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Urban HEART Detroit: the Application of a Health Equity Assessment Tool.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2021Article
- Inequalities in health and health-related indicators: a spatial geographic analysis of Pakistan.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Developing an Indicator System for a Healthy City: Taking an Urban Area as a Pilot.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2020Article
- Extending Data for Urban Health Decision-Making: a Menu of New and Potential Neighborhood-Level Health Determinants Datasets in LMICs.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2019Article
- Population Health Inequalities Across and Within European Metropolitan Areas through the Lens of the EURO-HEALTHY Population Health Index.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Measuring the Impact of Environment on the Health of Large Cities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Health Dynamics in the Built Environment: An Urban Intensity Perspective - An Exploratory Study in Trinidad and Tobago.Environmental health insights · 2018Article
- Improvement of Geographic Disparities: Amelioration or Displacement?Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2017Article
- The Urban Dental Index: a Method for Measuring and Mapping Dental Health Disparities across Urban Areas.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2017Article
- Mapping Environmental Inequalities Relevant for Health for Informing Urban Planning Interventions-A Case Study in the City of Dortmund, Germany.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Disaggregating health inequalities within Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2002-2010, by applying an urban health inequality index.Cadernos de saude publica · 2015Article
- Urban health indicators and indices--current status.BMC public health · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Available urban health metrics focus primarily on large area rankings. Less has been done to develop an index that provides information about level of health and health disparities for small geographic areas. Adopting a method used by the Human Development Index, we standardized indicators for small area units on a (0, 1) interval and combined them using their geometric mean to form an Urban Health Index (UHI). Disparities were assessed using the ratio of the highest to lowest decile and measurement of the slope of the eight middle deciles (middle; 80 %) of the data. We examined the sensitivity of the measure to weighting, to changes in the method, to correlation among indicators, and to substitution of indicators. Using seven health determinants and applying these methods to the 128 census tracts in the city of Atlanta, USA, we found a disparity ratio of 5.92 and a disparity slope of 0.54, suggesting substantial inequality and heterogeneity of risk. The component indicators were highly correlated; their systematic removal had a small effect on the results. Except in extreme cases, weighting had a little effect on the rankings. A map of Atlanta census tracts exposed a swath of high disparity. UHI rankings, ratio, and slope were resistant to alteration in composition and to non-extreme weighting schemes. This empirical evaluation was limited to a single realization, but suggests that a flexible tool, whose method rather than content is standardized, may be of use for local evaluation, for decision making, and for area comparison.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.