ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2014
Altered innate immune development in HIV-exposed uninfected infants.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed.
- A CD4+ TNF+ monofunctional memory T-cell response to BCG vaccination is associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in infants exposed to HIV.EBioMedicine · 2022Trial
- Analysis of the TCR Repertoire in HIV-Exposed but Uninfected Infants.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Neonatal BCG Vaccination Influences Cytokine Responses to Toll-like Receptor Ligands and Heterologous Antigens.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Trial
- Trial
- A mother's touch: microbial guardians of early immune imprinting.Trends in immunology · 2026Review
- Maternal-fetal dialogue and immunological programming: from fetal development to long-term health outcomes.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Maternal Inflammation During Pregnancy and Cord Blood Metabolomic Signatures in the Context of HIV Exposure.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Altered milk tryptophan and tryptophan metabolites in women living with HIV.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Structural brain differences in school-aged children who are HIV-exposed uninfected.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- The Linda Kizazi study: a comparison of morbidity and mortality from birth to 2 years between children who are HIV-unexposed and HIV-exposed, uninfected in the era of universal antiretroviral therapy.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Phenotypic characterization of NK cells in 5-year-old children exposed to maternal HIV and antiretroviral therapy in early-life.BMC immunology · 2024Article
- Reduced B cell frequencies in cord blood of HIV-exposed uninfected infants: an immunological and transcriptomic analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Maternal immunity shapes biomarkers of germinal center development in HIV-exposed uninfected infants.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Disturbances in the IgG Antibody Profile in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants Associated with Maternal Factors.Journal of immunology research · 2024Article
- HIV-exposed uninfected infants' immune defects: From pathogen sensing, oxidative burst to antigens responses.iScience · 2023Review
- Review
- Human immunodeficiency virus and antiretroviral therapy-mediated immune cell metabolic dysregulation in children born to HIV-infected women: potential clinical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Defective Monocyte Enzymatic Function and an Inhibitory Immune Phenotype in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed Uninfected African Infants in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Stereotypic Expansion of T Regulatory and Th17 Cells during Infancy Is Disrupted by HIV Exposure and Gut Epithelial Damage.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEarly in life, HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants are at an increased risk of morbidity and mortality from infectious disease compared with HIV-unexposed (UE) infants. To improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying their increased risk, we contrasted innate immune development between HEU and UE infants in a developing world setting, where early life infectious disease risk is exceptionally high.
methodsA prospective longitudinal cohort of HEU and UE newborns was established, and the most detailed characterization to date of HEU infant immune development was performed. Single-cell cytokine production was analyzed by flow cytometry after stimulation of whole blood with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
resultsMonocyte, classical dendritic cell, and plasmacytoid dendritic cell composition was similar between HEU and UE infants throughout the first year of life. However, HEU mononuclear cells mounted an enhanced pro-inflammatory response to PAMP stimulation, both in quantity of cytokine produced per cell and in proportion of responder cells. Significant differences in cytokine production were detected on the single-cell level in a PAMP-specific pattern, but only at 2 and 6 weeks of age; all differences normalized by 12 months of age.
conclusionsThis time course of innate immune deviation early in life corresponds to the clinical window of vulnerability to infections in HEU infants and may be at least partially responsible for their increased morbidity and mortality from infectious disease.
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