Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24732671›Full record

Trial reportMolecular psychiatry2015

Estradiol for treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a large-scale randomized-controlled trial in women of child-bearing age.

J Kulkarni, E Gavrilidis, W Wang, R Worsley, P B Fitzgerald, C Gurvich, T Van Rheenen, M Berk, H Burger

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Molecular psychiatry, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05282277 (Examining the Effects of Estradiol on Neural and Molecular Response to Rewards in Perimenopausal-Onset Anhedonia and Psychosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 61 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
15.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05282277 phase4recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Examining the Effects of Estradiol on Neural and Molecular Response to Rewards in Perimenopausal-Onset Anhedonia and Psychosis

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of North Carolina, Chapel HillRan2022 to 2026Enrolled103ConditionsDepression, Psychosis, AnhedoniaArmsTransdermal Estradiol, Micronized Progesterone, Matching Placebo Patch, Raclopride C11
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

61 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 167 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulation Increases Hippocampal Activity during Probabilistic Association Learning in Schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2015
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  13. Review
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  17. Estrogen and psychosis - a review and future directions.Archives of women's mental health · 2024
    Review
  18. The renoprotective effect of Tibolone in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury.Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia · 2024
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  19. Article
  20. Article

1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

J KulkarniThe Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, The Alfred and Monash University Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
E GavrilidisThe Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, The Alfred and Monash University Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
W WangThe Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, The Alfred and Monash University Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
R WorsleyThe Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, The Alfred and Monash University Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
P B FitzgeraldThe Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, The Alfred and Monash University Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
C GurvichThe Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, The Alfred and Monash University Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
T Van RheenenThe Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, The Alfred and Monash University Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
M BerkIMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
H BurgerPrince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.
Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research centre · AUMonash University · AUThe Alfred Hospital · AUDeakin University · AUSt Vincents Institute of Medical Research · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Many women with schizophrenia remain symptomatic despite optimal use of current therapies. While previous studies suggest that adjunctive oestrogen therapy might be effective, large-scale clinical trials are required before clinical applications are possible. This study is the first large-scale randomized-controlled trial in women with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. This Definitive Oestrogen Patch Trial was an 8-week, three-arm, double-blind, randomized-controlled trial conducted between 2006 and 2011. The 183 female participants were aged between 18 and 45 (mean = 35 years), with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and ongoing symptoms of psychosis (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, PANSS score>60) despite a stable dose of antipsychotic medication for at least 4 weeks. Mean duration of illness was more than 10 years. Participants received transdermal estradiol 200 μg, transdermal estradiol 100 μg or an identical placebo patch. For the 180 women who completed the study, the a priori outcome measure was the change in PANSS score measured at baseline and days 7, 14, 28 and 56. Cognition was assessed at baseline and day 56 using the Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Status. Data were analysed using latent growth curve modelling. Both estradiol groups had greater decreases in PANSS positive, general and total symptoms compared with the placebo group (P<0.01), with a greater effect seen for 200 μg than 100 μg estradiol. The largest effect size was for the positive subscale of PANSS in the estradiol 200 μg treatment group (effect size 0.44, P<0.01). This study shows estradiol is an effective and clinically significant adjunctive therapy for women with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, particularly for positive symptoms.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultCognition DisordersDose-Response Relationship, DrugDouble-Blind MethodEstradiolEstrogensFemaleHumansMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsPregnancyPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesRetrospective StudiesSchizophreniaTransdermal PatchEstradiolEstrogens

Identifiers

PMID24732671
OpenAlexW2094486517

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.