Observational studyClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2014
Xpert MTB/RIF assay shortens airborne isolation for hospitalized patients with presumptive tuberculosis in the United States.
Observational study in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Impact of Molecular Diagnostics for Tuberculosis on Patient-Important Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Study Methodologies.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Rapid Molecular Diagnostics of Tuberculosis: What Do We Have, What Do We Need?Pulmonary medicine · 2026Review
- Diagnostics and new treatment regimens for TB: can the Xpert MTB/XDR assay fill the gap for fluoroquinolone testing?Journal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- Identification of Post-Tuberculosis Lung Function Impairment Early during the Course of Treatment.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Second Time's the Charm? Assessing the Sensitivity and Yield of Inpatient Diagnostic Algorithms for Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Low-Prevalence Setting.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Performance of microbiological tests for tuberculosis diagnostic according to the type of respiratory specimen: A 10-year retrospective study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Review
- Use of Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing for Rapid Detection ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- The impact of the Xpert MTB/RIF screening among hospitalized patients with pneumonia on timely isolation of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Article
- Utility ofJournal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2020Article
- Isolation and deisolation of patients admitted with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis. Can it be shortened?Saudi medical journal · 2019Article
- Added Value of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Low-Prevalence Setting.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2019Article
- Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis From Patients Who Are Nucleic Acid Amplification Test Negative.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
- Association of Rapid Molecular Testing With Duration of Respiratory Isolation for Patients With Possible Tuberculosis in a US Hospital.JAMA internal medicine · 2018Article
- Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories: Mycobacteria.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2018Review
- Clinical Impact and Cost-effectiveness of Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Hospitalized Patients With Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Article
- The new frontier of diagnostics: Molecular assays and their role in infection prevention and control.American journal of infection control · 2017Review
- Use of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests in Tuberculosis Patients in California, 2010-2013.Open forum infectious diseases · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn the United States, individuals with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis are placed in airborne infection isolation (AII) and assessed by smear microscopy on 3 respiratory specimens collected 8-24 hours apart. Xpert MTB/RIF assay (Xpert) on 1, 2, or 3 specimens may be more efficient for determining AII discontinuation.
methodsThis single-center, observational cohort study of inpatients with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis enrolled adults with 1 or more sputum specimens submitted for smear microscopy. Smear microscopy and Xpert were performed on each sputum specimen. Clinicians were blinded to Xpert results. The primary endpoint was AII duration. Secondary endpoints were laboratory processing time, strategy-based tuberculosis detection, and sensitivity and specificity.
resultsAmong 207 subjects, the median AII duration was 68.0 hours (interquartile range [IQR], 47.1-97.5) for smear microscopy compared with 20.8 hours (IQR, 16.8-32.0) for the 1-specimen Xpert, 41.2 hours (IQR, 26.6-54.8) for the 2-specimen Xpert, and 54.0 hours (IQR, 43.3-80.0) for the 3-specimen Xpert strategies (P ≤ .004). Median laboratory processing time for smear microscopy was 2.5 times as long as Xpert (P < .001). The 2- and 3-specimen Xpert and smear microscopy strategies captured all 6 tuberculosis cases. The 1-specimen Xpert strategy missed 1 case. No difference was observed between smear microscopy and Xpert in sensitivity or specificity for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
conclusionsXpert-based strategies significantly reduced AII duration compared with the smear-based strategy. The 2-specimen Xpert strategy was most efficient in minimizing AII time while identifying all tuberculosis cases among individuals with presumptive tuberculosis in this low-burden setting.
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