ArticleParasitology research2014
Vaccination with Toxoplasma lysate antigen and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides: comparison of immune responses in intranasal versus intramuscular administrations.
Article in Parasitology research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of variation in Toxoplasma gondii cyst burden in the murine model.Experimental parasitology · 2019Pooled it
- Vaccination with Toxoplasma lysate antigen or its encapsulated niosomes form immunomodulates adjuvant-induced arthritis through JAK3 downregulation.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Article
- Nano-Encapsulated Antioxidant: Retinoic Acid as a Natural Mucosal Adjuvant for Intranasal Immunization against Chronic Experimental Toxoplasmosis.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Nano-Encapsulated Melatonin: A Promising Mucosal Adjuvant in Intranasal Immunization against Chronic ExperimentalTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Passive Immunity and Antibody Response Induced byVaccines · 2021Article
- Evaluation of CpG-ODN-AdjuvantedPharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Immunological evaluation of a DNA cocktail vaccine with co-delivery of calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaPNs) against the Toxoplasma gondii RH strain in BALB/c mice.Parasitology research · 2017Article
- Intranasal immunization with recombinant Toxoplasma gondii actin depolymerizing factor confers protective efficacy against toxoplasmosis in mice.BMC immunology · 2016Article
- Induction of mucosal immunity through systemic immunization: Phantom or reality?Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Article
- Review on the identification and role of Toxoplasma gondii antigenic epitopes.Parasitology research · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is one of the most successful intracellular protozoan parasites on earth and highly prevalent in most warm-blooded vertebrates. There are no drugs that target the chronic cyst stage of this infection; therefore, development of an effective vaccine would be an important advance in disease control. Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) which contain immunostimulatory CG motifs (CpG ODN) can promote T-helper 1 (Th1) responses, an adjuvant activity that is desirable for vaccination against intracellular pathogen. In this study, we compare the immune responses of Toxoplasma susceptible C57BL/6 mice following intranasal and intramuscular vaccination with Toxoplasma lysate antigen (TLA) with or without CpG ODN as adjuvant. Immunized and control non-immunized mice were challenged with 85 cyst of the moderately virulent Beverley strain of T. gondii. Intranasal vaccination gave significantly a higher protection compared to other groups as indicated by prolonged survival and significantly reduced brain cyst burden (P < 0.01). Intranasal vaccination stimulated cellular immunity towards Th1 response characterized by significant INF-γ production (P < 0.01). Furthermore, fecal IgA antibody levels as an indicator of mucosal immune responses were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in intranasal vaccinated group before the challenge compared to all other groups. Intranasal vaccination was not able to upgrade the Th1 humoral arm. In contrast, intramuscular vaccination enhanced humoral immunity towards a type Th1 pattern characterized by a significant increase of specific IgG and Ig2a. Our results suggest that intranasal administration of CpG/TLA would provide a stable, pronounced, and effective vaccine against toxoplasmosis through stimulation of Th1 cellular immunity and mucosal IgA.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.