ArticleOccupational and environmental medicine2014
Pesticide use and incident diabetes among wives of farmers in the Agricultural Health Study.
Article in Occupational and environmental medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between environmental exposures to chlordanes, adiposity and diabetes-related features: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Determination of Pesticide Residue Levels and Serum Paraoxonase 1 Protein Levels in Obese Children: A Case-Control Study.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Pesticides associated with incident diabetes among licensed private pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study cohort (1993-2021).Environment international · 2026Article
- Prenatal exposure to agricultural pesticide applications and gestational diabetes mellitus in the Az-PEARS population-based study (2014-2020).Environment international · 2026Article
- [Are foods of the Brazilian "staple food basket" safe for consumption?]Cadernos de saude publica · 2026Article
- Herbicide-related health risks: key mechanisms and a guide to mitigation strategies.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2025Review
- Association between organophosphorus insecticides exposure and osteoarthritis in patients with arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Pesticides impacts on human health and the environment with their mechanisms of action and possible countermeasures.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Role of PNPLA3 and its association with environmental chemicals.Archives of clinical toxicology · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Effect of Phorate on the Development of Hyperglycaemia in Mouse and Resistance Genes in Intestinal Microbiota.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Association between serum pyrethroid insecticide levels and incident type 2 diabetes risk: a nested case-control study in Dongfeng-Tongji cohort.European journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Prospective association between dietary pesticide exposure profiles and type 2 diabetes risk in the NutriNet-Santé cohort.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2022Observational
- Associations of neonicotinoids with insulin and glucose homeostasis parameters in US adults: NHANES 2015-2016.Chemosphere · 2022Article
- Dietary Magnesium Intake Ameliorates the Association Between Household Pesticide Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes: Data From NHANES, 2007-2018.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Health Behavior, Level of Hemoglobin A1c, and Quality of Life Among Agricultural Workers of Various Ethnicities in Thai Border Communities.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Chronic oral exposure to pesticides and their consequences on metabolic regulation: role of the microbiota.European journal of nutrition · 2021Review
- Investigation of the association between pesticide exposure and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Shahedieh population in Yazd.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate associations between use of specific agricultural pesticides and incident diabetes in women.
methodsWe used data from the Agricultural Health Study, a large prospective cohort of pesticide applicators and their spouses in Iowa and North Carolina. For comparability with previous studies of farmers, we limited analysis to 13 637 farmers' wives who reported ever personally mixing or applying pesticides at enrolment (1993-1997), who provided complete data on required covariates and diabetes diagnosis and who reported no previous diagnosis of diabetes at enrolment. Participants reported ever-use of 50 specific pesticides at enrolment and incident diabetes at one of two follow-up interviews within an average of 12 years of enrolment. We fit Cox proportional hazards models with age as the time scale and adjusting for state and body mass index to estimate HRs and 95% CIs for each of the 45 pesticides with sufficient users.
resultsFive pesticides were positively associated with incident diabetes (n=688; 5%): three organophosphates, fonofos (HR=1.56, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.19), phorate (HR=1.57, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.16) and parathion (HR=1.61, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.46); the organochlorine dieldrin (HR=1.99, 95% CI 1.12 to 3.54); and the herbicide 2,4,5-T/2,4,5-TP (HR=1.59, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.51). With phorate and fonofos together in one model to account for their correlation, risks for both remained elevated, though attenuated compared with separate models.
conclusionsResults are consistent with previous studies reporting an association between specific organochlorines and diabetes and add to growing evidence that certain organophosphates also may increase risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.