ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2014
Spatial analysis of HIV positive injection drug users in San Francisco, 1987 to 2005.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spatiotemporal distribution of syphilis in Mainland China during the 17 years from 2004 to 2020.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of human immunodeficiency virus prevention strategies by mapping the geographic dispersion pattern of human immunodeficiency virus prevalence in Nanning, China.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Spatio-temporal variation on syphilis from 2005 to 2018 in Zhejiang Province, China.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Geospatial analysis of multiple cancers in individuals in the US, 2004-2014.Annals of cancer epidemiology · 2021Article
- Network Centrality and Geographical Concentration of Social and Service Venues that Serve Young Men Who Have Sex with Men.AIDS and behavior · 2017Article
- Spatial Analysis of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Epidemic among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China, 2006-2015.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Article
- Neighborhood-Level and Spatial Characteristics Associated with Lay Naloxone Reversal Events and Opioid Overdose Deaths.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2016Article
- Article
- Individual and neighborhood predictors of mortality among HIV-positive Latinos with history of injection drug use, Florida, 2000-2011.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Spatial analyses of HIV/AIDS related outcomes are growing in popularity as a tool to understand geographic changes in the epidemic and inform the effectiveness of community-based prevention and treatment programs. The Urban Health Study was a serial, cross-sectional epidemiological study of injection drug users (IDUs) in San Francisco between 1987 and 2005 (N = 29,914). HIV testing was conducted for every participant. Participant residence was geocoded to the level of the United States Census tract for every observation in dataset. Local indicator of spatial autocorrelation (LISA) tests were used to identify univariate and bivariate Census tract clusters of HIV positive IDUs in two time periods. We further compared three tract level characteristics (% poverty, % African Americans, and % unemployment) across areas of clustered and non-clustered tracts. We identified significant spatial clustering of high numbers of HIV positive IDUs in the early period (1987-1995) and late period (1996-2005). We found significant bivariate clusters of Census tracts where HIV positive IDUs and tract level poverty were above average compared to the surrounding areas. Our data suggest that poverty, rather than race, was an important neighborhood characteristic associated with the spatial distribution of HIV in SF and its spatial diffusion over time.
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