ArticlePloS one2014
Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG enhanced Th1 cellular immunity but did not affect antibody responses in a human gut microbiota transplanted neonatal gnotobiotic pig model.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human Microbiota-Associated Pig Models for Translational Microbiome Research: A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Multi-omics analysis reveals gut microbiota-host transcriptomic remodeling associated with the protective effects of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG against rotavirus enteritis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Antimicrobial peptide AP2 ameliorates Salmonella Typhimurium infection by modulating gut microbiota.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Hidden Partner of Immunity: Microbiome as an Innovative Companion in Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Pediococcus pentosaceus MIANGUAN Enhances the Immune Response to Vaccination in Mice.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2024Article
- The protective role of prebiotics and probiotics on diarrhea and gut damage in the rotavirus-infected piglets.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Article
- Probiotics and probiotic-based vaccines: A novel approach for improving vaccine efficacy.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Effects of Gut Microbiota on Host Adaptive Immunity Under Immune Homeostasis and Tumor Pathology State.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Biotechnological Processes Simulating the Natural Fermentation Process of Bee Bread and Therapeutic Properties-An Overview.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Effects ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Review
- Combined use of lactic-acid-producing bacteria as probiotics and rotavirus vaccine candidates expressing virus-specific proteins.Archives of virology · 2021Review
- Immunomodulation by the Commensal Microbiome During Immune-Targeted Interventions: Focus on Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy and Vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Differential longitudinal establishment of human fecal bacterial communities in germ-free porcine and murine models.Communications biology · 2020Article
- Article
- How the gut microbiome regulates host immune responses to viral vaccines.Current opinion in virology · 2019Review
- The use of non-rodent model species in microbiota studies.Laboratory animals · 2019Review
- Potential relevance of pig gut content transplantation for production and research.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This study aims to establish a human gut microbiota (HGM) transplanted gnotobiotic (Gn) pig model of human rotavirus (HRV) infection and diarrhea, and to verify the dose-effects of probiotics on HRV vaccine-induced immune responses. Our previous studies using the Gn pig model found that probiotics dose-dependently regulated both T cell and B cell immune responses induced by rotavirus vaccines. We generated the HGM transplanted neonatal Gn pigs through daily feeding of neonatal human fecal suspension to germ-free pigs for 3 days starting at 12 hours after birth. We found that attenuated HRV (AttHRV) vaccination conferred similar overall protection against rotavirus diarrhea and virus shedding in Gn pigs and HGM transplanted Gn pigs. HGM promoted the development of the neonatal immune system, as evidenced by the significantly enhanced IFN-γ producing T cell responses and reduction of regulatory T cells and their cytokine production in the AttHRV-vaccinated pigs. The higher dose Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) feeding (14 doses, up to 109 colony-forming-unit [CFU]/dose) effectively increased the LGG counts in the HGM Gn pig intestinal contents and significantly enhanced HRV-specific IFN-γ producing T cell responses to the AttHRV vaccine. Lower dose LGG (9 doses, up to 106 CFU/dose) was ineffective. Neither doses of LGG significantly improved the protection rate, HRV-specific IgA and IgG antibody titers in serum, or IgA antibody titers in intestinal contents compared to the AttHRV vaccine alone, suggesting that an even higher dose of LGG is needed to overcome the influence of the microbiota to achieve the immunostimulatory effect in the HGM pigs. This study demonstrated that HGM Gn pig is an applicable animal model for studying immune responses to rotavirus vaccines and can be used for studying interventions (i.e., probiotics and prebiotics) that may enhance the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of vaccines through improving the gut microbiota.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.