ArticleAdvances in therapy2014
Cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccines for adults in the United States.
Article in Advances in therapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of Health State Utility Values in Cost-Utility Analyses of Selected Infectious Diseases in Aging Populations: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2026Pooled it
- Cost Effectiveness of Elderly Pneumococcal Vaccination in Presence of Higher-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Childhood Vaccination: Systematic Literature Review with Focus on Methods and Assumptions.PharmacoEconomics · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- AI-Assisted Systematic Literature Review of the Economic Burden of Pneumococcal Disease: Development and Validation Study.JMIR AI · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of routine pediatric vaccination of 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in South Korea.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Health care resource use and costs associated with adult pneumococcal disease in the United States from 2017 to 2019, stratified by age and health risk: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Costs implications of pneumococcal vaccination of adults aged 30-60 with a recent diagnosis of diabetes.Vaccine · 2021Article
- Impact of population aging on the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases among older adults in the United States.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Cost-effectiveness of varicella and herpes zoster vaccination in Sweden: An economic evaluation using a dynamic transmission model.PloS one · 2021Article
- Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of a sequential pneumococcal vaccination compared to single-dose vaccination strategy for adults in Hong Kong.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Article
- Trends in healthcare utilization and costs associated with pneumonia in the United States during 2008-2014.BMC health services research · 2018Article
- Cost-effectiveness of PCV13 vaccination in Belgian adults aged 65-84 years at elevated risk of pneumococcal infection.PloS one · 2018Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionIn 2012, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) revised recommendations for adult pneumococcal vaccination to include a sequential regimen of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) followed by 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) for certain high-risk adults with immunocompromising conditions. This study, from a payer perspective, examined: (1) the cost-effectiveness of the new 2012 ACIP vaccine policy recommendation relative to the 1997 ACIP recommendation; (2) the cost-effectiveness of potential future pneumococcal vaccination policies; and (3) key assumptions that influence study results.
methodsA static cohort model that incorporated costs, health outcomes, and quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) losses associated with invasive pneumococcal disease and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (NBPP) was developed to evaluate seven pneumococcal vaccination strategies for a 50-year-old adult cohort over a 50-year period using incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs).
resultsFor objective 1, the 2012 ACIP recommendation is the more economically efficient strategy (ICER was $25,841 per QALY gained vs. no vaccination). For objective 2, the most efficient vaccination policy would be to maintain the 2012 recommendation for PPSV23 for healthy and immunocompetent adults with comorbidities, and to modify the recommendation for adults with immunocompromising conditions by replacing PPSV23 with a sequential regimen of PCV13 and PPSV23 at age 65 (ICER was $23,416 per QALY gained vs. no vaccination). For objective 3, cost-effectiveness ratios for alternative pneumococcal vaccine policies were highly influenced by assumptions used for vaccine effectiveness against NBPP and accounting for the herd protection effects of pediatric PCV13 vaccination on adult pneumococcal disease.
conclusionModifying the 2012 recommendation to include an additional dose of PCV13 at age 65, followed by PPSV23, for adults with immunocompromising conditions appears to be a cost-effective vaccine policy. Given the uncertainty in the available data and the absence of key influential data, comprehensive sensitivity analyses should be conducted by policy-makers when evaluating new adult pneumococcal vaccine strategies.
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