Trial reportClinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)2014
Effects of glutamine alone or in combination with zinc and vitamin A on growth, intestinal barrier function, stress and satiety-related hormones in Brazilian shantytown children.
Trial report in Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00133406 (Long-term Impact and Intervention for Diarrhea in Brazil), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Long-term Impact and Intervention for Diarrhea in Brazil
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- The effects of a novel herbal toothpaste on salivary lactate dehydrogenase as a measure of cellular integrity.Clinical oral investigations · 2021Trial
- Effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene and improved complementary feeding on environmental enteric dysfunction in children in rural Zimbabwe: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Trial
- Glutamine and Pediatric Intestinal Barrier Function: A Scoping Review of Clinical Evidence and Research Gaps.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cost analysis of probiotic/synbiotic supplementation in infants in rural Kenya: a study from the PROSYNK trial.BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Article
- Intestinal permeability and its relation to anthropometric and biochemical variables associated with cardiovascular risk in an elderly population.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Emu Oil and zinc monoglycerolate independently reduce disease severity in a rat model of ulcerative colitis.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2023Article
- Zinc supplementation for preventing mortality, morbidity, and growth failure in children aged 6 months to 12 years.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- Dietary intake from complementary feeding is associated with intestinal barrier function and environmental enteropathy in Brazilian children from the MAL-ED cohort study.The British journal of nutrition · 2020Article
- Role for diet in normal gut barrier function: developing guidance within the framework of food-labeling regulations.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2019Review
- Severe childhood malnutrition.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2017Review
- Impact of acute undernutrition on growth, ileal morphology and nutrient transport in a murine model.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the impact of supplemental zinc, vitamin A, and glutamine alone or in combination on growth, intestinal barrier function, stress and satiety-related hormones among Brazilian shantytown children with low median height-for-age z-scores.
methodsA randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in children aged two months to nine years from the urban shanty compound community of Fortaleza, Brazil. Demographic and anthropometric information was assessed. The random treatment groups available for testing (a total of 120 children) were as follows: (1) glutamine alone, n = 38; (2) glutamine plus vitamin A plus zinc, n = 37; and a placebo (zinc plus vitamin A vehicle) plus glycine (isonitrogenous to glutamine) control treatment, n = 38. Leptin, adiponectin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), and plasma levels of cortisol were measured with immune-enzymatic assays; urinary lactulose/mannitol and serum amino acids were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00133406.
resultsGlutamine treatment significantly improved weight-for-height z-scores compared to the placebo-glycine control treatment. Either glutamine alone or all nutrients combined prevented disruption of the intestinal barrier function, as measured by the percentage of lactulose urinary excretion and the lactulose:mannitol absorption ratio. Plasma leptin was negatively correlated with plasma glutamine (p = 0.002) and arginine (p = 0.001) levels at baseline. After glutamine treatment, leptin was correlated with weight-for-age (WAZ) and weight-for-height z-scores (WHZ) (p≤0.002) at a 4-month follow-up. In addition, glutamine and all combined nutrients (glutamine, vitamin A, and zinc) improved the intestinal barrier function in these children.
conclusionTaken together, these findings reveal the benefits of glutamine alone or in combination with other gut-trophic nutrients in growing children via interactions with leptin.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.