ArticleEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2014
Effects of combination antiretroviral therapies on the risk of myocardial infarction among HIV patients.
Article in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reporting of Observational Studies Explicitly Aiming to Emulate Randomized Trials: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Factors Associated With Excess Myocardial Infarction Risk in HIV-Infected Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Pooled it
- Risk of cardiovascular disease associated with exposure to abacavir among individuals with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analyses of results from 17 epidemiologic studies.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2018Pooled it
- HIV infection as vascular risk: A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Major adverse cardiovascular events, morbidity, and mortality, among people living with and without HIV in two northern Uganda hospitals.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Direct and indirect cardiovascular and cardiometabolic sequelae of the combined anti-retroviral therapy on people living with HIV.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Article
- The Potential ofNutrients · 2022Review
- Prescribing for patients taking antiretroviral therapy.Australian prescriber · 2022Review
- Acute myocardial infarction associated with abacavir and tenofovir based antiretroviral drug combinations in the United States.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Article
- Cardiovascular disease among people living with HIV in Brazil.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2020Article
- Article
- Risk of cardiovascular events from current, recent, and cumulative exposure to abacavir among persons living with HIV who were receiving antiretroviral therapy in the United States: a cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Atazanavir and Cardiovascular Risk Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2016Review
- Traditional and HIV-specific risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected adults in Brazil: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Observational
- Is there continued evidence for an association between abacavir usage and myocardial infarction risk in individuals with HIV? A cohort collaboration.BMC medicine · 2016Observational
- Cardiovascular Complications of HIV-Associated Immune Dysfunction.Cardiology research and practice · 2015Review
- Lipid accumulation product index in HIV-infected patients: a marker of cardiovascular risk.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious DiseasesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCohort studies have demonstrated greater risk of myocardial infarction (MI) associated with specific antiretroviral use, while meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have not. These differences may be due to inherent biases in the observational study design or to the limited duration of randomized trials. We conducted a new-user, active-comparator cohort study emulating an RCT comparing the initiation of several antiretrovirals as part of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and MI.
methodsWe included North Carolina (NC) Medicaid beneficiaries infected with human immunodeficiency virus between 2002 and 2008 who were previously untreated with cART. We compared hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MI between abacavir and tenofovir recipients, and lopinavir-ritonavir or atazanavir recipients and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) recipients. We adjusted for confounding through inverse probability weighting methods.
resultsThere were 3481 NC Medicaid new cART recipients who contributed 6399 person-years and experienced 38 MI events. Receiving abacavir compared with tenofovir as part of cART was associated with an increased rate of MI (unadjusted HR = 2.70 [95% CI = 1.24-5.91]; adjusted HR = 2.05 [0.72-5.86]). Point estimates also suggest a relationship between receipt of atazanavir or lopinavir-ritonavir compared with an NNRTI and MI, although estimates were imprecise.
conclusionsWe found an increased rate of MI among patients initiating abacavir compared with tenofovir, although the association was decreased after confounding adjustment. Without a very large prospective comparative clinical trial, a much larger observational study of patients initiating cART would be needed to better define this apparent association.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.