Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24711622›Full record

ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2014

STAT3, STAT4, NFATc1, and CTCF regulate PD-1 through multiple novel regulatory regions in murine T cells.

James W Austin, Peiyuan Lu, Parimal Majumder, Rafi Ahmed, Jeremy M Boss

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
109citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

109 citing papers in PubMed, 166 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Strategies to target PD-1/PD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Transcriptional dynamics of CD8Molecular cancer · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
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  11. Review
  12. Article
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  14. Article
  15. Article
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  20. Article

49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

James W AustinDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology and.
Peiyuan Lu
Parimal Majumder
Rafi Ahmed
Jeremy M Boss
Emory University · US

Funding

Yerkes National Primate Research Center Role of type-I IFN in regulating COVID-19 induced inflammation and pathogenesisP51OD011132 · OD · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Joon Sup Lee · 2012 to 2026
$167.0M
Targeting the PD-1 signaling pathway to rescue HIV T cell dysfunctionP01AI080192 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI AHMED, RAFI · 2008 to 2012
$12.6M
PREDOCTORAL TRAINING PROGRAM IN GENETICST32GM008490 · NIGMS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BOSS, JEREMY M. · 1993 to 2022
$8.0M
Typhoon Trio Phosphor Imaging SystemS10RR027151 · NCRR · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BOSS, JEREMY M. · 2010 to 2010
$140k
NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR027151NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI080192NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008490NIH HHS P51 OD011132
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a crucial negative regulator of CD8 T cell development and function, yet the mechanisms that control its expression are not fully understood. Through a nonbiased DNase I hypersensitivity assay, four novel regulatory regions within the Pdcd1 locus were identified. Two of these elements flanked the locus, bound the transcriptional insulator protein CCCTC-binding factor, and interacted with each other, creating a potential regulatory compartmentalization of the locus. In response to T cell activation signaling, NFATc1 bound to two of the novel regions that function as independent regulatory elements. STAT binding sites were identified in these elements as well. In splenic CD8 T cells, TCR-induced PD-1 expression was augmented by IL-6 and IL-12, inducers of STAT3 and STAT4 activity, respectively. IL-6 or IL-12 on its own did not induce PD-1. Importantly, STAT3/4 and distinct chromatin modifications were associated with the novel regulatory regions following cytokine stimulation. The NFATc1/STAT regulatory regions were found to interact with the promoter region of the Pdcd1 gene, providing a mechanism for their action. Together these data add multiple novel distal regulatory regions and pathways to the control of PD-1 expression and provide a molecular mechanism by which proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 or IL-12, can augment PD-1 expression.

Indexed as

AnimalsCCCTC-Binding FactorCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCell Line, TumorGene Expression RegulationInterleukin-12Interleukin-6MiceNFATC Transcription FactorsProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorRepressor ProteinsResponse ElementsSTAT3 Transcription FactorSTAT4 Transcription FactorCCCTC-Binding FactorCTCF protein, humanCtcf protein, mouseIL6 protein, humanInterleukin-12Interleukin-6Nfatc1 protein, mouseNFATC Transcription FactorsPdcd1 protein, mouseProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorRepressor ProteinsStat3 protein, mouseSTAT3 Transcription FactorStat4 protein, mouseSTAT4 Transcription Factor

Identifiers

PMID24711622
PMCPMC4011967
OpenAlexW2149479626

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.