ReviewCancer medicine2014
Complement anaphylatoxins as immune regulators in cancer.
Review in Cancer medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in glioblastoma: immunobiology and translational implications.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- The evolving landscape of complement therapeutics in rheumatology.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2026Review
- The complement system contributes to the immunosuppressive microenvironment of uveal melanoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- C3 inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Enigmatic Roles of Complement Anaphylatoxin Signaling in Health and Disease.Immune network · 2025Review
- The role of complement in tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance: a double-edged sword.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- C3Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Subversion of the Complement System by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Journal of bacteriology · 2023Review
- Complement therapeutics are coming of age in rheumatology.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2023Review
- Effect of Heme Oxygenase-1 Depletion on Complement Regulatory Proteins Expression in the Rat.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Binding of raloxifene to human complement fragment 5a (Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics · 2022Article
- A review on association of fungi with the development and progression of carcinogenesis in the human body.Current research in microbial sciences · 2022Review
- The screening of immune-related biomarkers for prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.Bioengineered · 2021Article
- Glia-Selective Deletion of ComplementCancer research · 2021Article
- Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein Mediates the Upregulation of C5α Receptor 1 via NF-κB Pathway to Facilitate the Growth and Migration of Hepatoma Cells.Cancer research and treatment · 2021Article
- Bioinformatics analysis of microenvironment-related genes associated with radioresistance in glioblastoma.Translational cancer research · 2020Article
- Article
- Article
- Deciphering the Intricate Roles of Radiation Therapy and Complement Activation in Cancer.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The role of the complement system in innate immunity is well characterized. However, a recent body of research implicates the complement anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a as insidious propagators of tumor growth and progression. It is now recognized that certain tumors elaborate C3a and C5a and that complement, as a mediator of chronic inflammation and regulator of immune function, may in fact foster rather than defend against tumor growth. A putative mechanism for this function is complement-mediated suppression of immune effector cells responsible for immunosurveillance within the tumor microenvironment. This paradigm accords with models of immune dysregulation, such as autoimmunity and infectious disease, which have defined a pathophysiological role for abnormal complement signaling. Several types of immune cells express the cognate receptors for the complement anaphylatoxins, C3aR and C5aR, and demonstrate functional modulation in response to complement stimulation. In turn, impairment of antitumor immunity has been intimately tied to tumor progression in animal models of cancer. In this article, the literature was systematically reviewed to identify studies that have characterized the effects of the complement anaphylatoxins on the composition and function of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. The search identified six studies based upon models of lymphoma and ovarian, cervical, lung, breast, and mammary cancer, which collectively support the paradigm of complement as an immune regulator in the tumor microenvironment.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.