ArticleCells2012
ELISPOT Assay for Monitoring Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL) Activity in Cancer Vaccine Clinical Trials.
Article in Cells, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- ELISPOT as a Functional for Biomarker Study in Cancer Immunotherapy: Applications and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Medical Treatment of Lung Cancer: Can Immune Cells Predict the Response? A Systematic Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Pooled it
- Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapies to Fight HIV: How Far from a Success Story? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Pooled it
- Translational investigations in the HN1901 phase II window-of-opportunity study investigating the biological activity of an IDO1 (IO102) and PD-L1 (IO103) immune-modulatory peptide cancer vaccines in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Trial
- Immune reactivity after adenoviral-mediated aquaporin-1 cDNA transfer to human parotid glands.Oral diseases · 2017Trial
- Molecular origin, discovery, validation and application of neoantigens.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy-driven immunosuppression is associated with poorer progression-free survival in cancer patients.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Review
- Targeting cancer with precision: strategical insights into TCR-engineered T cell therapies.Theranostics · 2025Review
- Article
- Effective and Successful Quantification of Leukemia-Specific Immune Cells in AML Patients' Blood or Culture, Focusing on Intracellular Cytokine and Degranulation Assays.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Immunospot Assessment of T-Cell Responses in Preclinical Tumor Models with Undefined Target Antigens.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Interferons in Colorectal Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy.Diseases & research · 2024Article
- A whole blood intracellular cytokine assay optimised for field site studies demonstrates polyfunctionality of CD4+ T cells in acute scrub typhus.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- State of the art in epitope mapping and opportunities in COVID-19.Future science OA · 2023Review
- Immune monitoring of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell and B cell responses in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Immunogenicity assessment of AAV-based gene therapies: An IQ consortium industry white paper.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2022Review
- High-resolution imaging of protein secretion at the single-cell level using plasmon-enhanced FluoroDOT assay.Cell reports methods · 2022Article
- Associação Brasileira de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular Consensus on genetically modified cells. VIII: CAR-T cells: preclinical development - Safety and efficacy evaluation.Hematology, transfusion and cell therapy · 2021Article
- Comparative analysis of assays to measure CAR T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity.Nature protocols · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The profiling and monitoring of immune responses are key elements in the evaluation of the efficacy and development of new biotherapies, and a number of assays have been introduced for analyzing various immune parameters before, during, and after immunotherapy. The choice of immune assays for a given clinical trial depends on the known or suggested immunomodulating mechanisms associated with the tested therapeutic modality. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity represents a key mechanism in the immune response to various pathogens and tumors. Therefore, the selection of monitoring methods for the appropriate assessment of cell-mediated cytotoxicity is thought to be crucial. Assays that can detect both cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) frequency and function, such as the IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) have gained increasing popularity for monitoring clinical trials and in basic research. Results from various clinical trials, including peptide and whole tumor cell vaccination and cytokine treatment, have shown the suitability of the IFN-γ ELISPOT assay for monitoring T cell responses. However, the Granzyme B ELISPOT assay and Perforin ELISPOT assay may represent a more direct analysis of cell-mediated cytotoxicity as compared to the IFN-γ ELISPOT, since Granzyme B and perforin are the key mediators of target cell death via the granule-mediated pathway. In this review we analyze our own data and the data reported by others with regard to the application of various modifications of ELISPOT assays for monitoring CTL activity in clinical vaccine trials.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.