Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24709265›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2014

Bactericidal activity of the human skin fatty acid cis-6-hexadecanoic acid on Staphylococcus aureus.

Michaël L Cartron, Simon R England, Alina Iulia Chiriac, Michaele Josten, Robert Turner, Yvonne Rauter, Alexander Hurd, Hans-Georg Sahl, Simon Jones, Simon J Foster

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. A Comprehensive Review on Chemical Structures and Bioactivities ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Michaël L CartronThe Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Simon R EnglandDepartment of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Alina Iulia ChiriacInstitute of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Michaele JostenInstitute of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Robert TurnerThe Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Yvonne RauterThe Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Alexander HurdThe Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Hans-Georg SahlInstitute of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Simon JonesDepartment of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Simon J FosterThe Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom s.foster@sheffield.ac.uk.
University of Sheffield · GBUniversity of Bonn · DE

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilMedical Research Council G0600801
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human skin fatty acids are a potent aspect of our innate defenses, giving surface protection against potentially invasive organisms. They provide an important parameter in determining the ecology of the skin microflora, and alterations can lead to increased colonization by pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus. Harnessing skin fatty acids may also give a new avenue of exploration in the generation of control measures against drug-resistant organisms. Despite their importance, the mechanism(s) whereby skin fatty acids kill bacteria has remained largely elusive. Here, we describe an analysis of the bactericidal effects of the major human skin fatty acid cis-6-hexadecenoic acid (C6H) on the human commensal and pathogen S. aureus. Several C6H concentration-dependent mechanisms were found. At high concentrations, C6H swiftly kills cells associated with a general loss of membrane integrity. However, C6H still kills at lower concentrations, acting through disruption of the proton motive force, an increase in membrane fluidity, and its effects on electron transfer. The design of analogues with altered bactericidal effects has begun to determine the structural constraints on activity and paves the way for the rational design of new antistaphylococcal agents.

Indexed as

Adenosine TriphosphateCell Membrane PermeabilityDrug Resistance, BacterialElectron TransportHumansLiposomesMembrane FluidityMembrane PotentialsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPalmitic AcidPolymerizationSkinStaphylococcus aureusAdenosine TriphosphateLiposomesPalmitic Acid

Identifiers

PMID24709265
PMCPMC4068517
OpenAlexW2108000199

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.