Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24708710›Full record

ArticleParasites & vectors2014

Increase in number of helminth species from Dutch red foxes over a 35-year period.

Frits Franssen, Rolf Nijsse, Jaap Mulder, Herman Cremers, Cecile Dam, Katsuhisa Takumi, Joke van der Giessen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Parasites & vectors, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. A Comprehensive Review ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Seventy-five years of change: Long-term reorganisation of helminth communities in the rook (International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2026
    Article
  3. Long-term trends in parasite diversity and infection levels: approaches and patterns.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026
    Review
  4. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  5. A walk on the wild side: A review of the epidemiology ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2023
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Morphological and molecular analyses ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2021
    Article
  9. Angiostrongylus vasorum in foxes (International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2021
    Article
  10. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
  11. Pathology of Urinary Bladder inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Article
  12. Article
  13. First Documented Cases ofHelminthologia · 2020
    Article
  14. Presence of Tapeworms (Cestoda) in Red Fox (Journal of veterinary research · 2019
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. First findings ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2016
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Frits FranssenNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, P,O, Box 1, Bilthoven, BA 3720, The Netherlands. frits.franssen@rivm.nl.
Rolf Nijsse
Jaap Mulder
Herman Cremers
Cecile Dam
Katsuhisa Takumi
Joke van der Giessen

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is host to a community of zoonotic and other helminth species. Tracking their community structure and dynamics over decades is one way to monitor the long term risk of parasitic infectious diseases relevant to public and veterinary health.

methodsWe identified 17 helminth species from 136 foxes by mucosal scraping, centrifugal sedimentation/flotation and the washing and sieving technique. We applied rarefaction analysis to our samples and compared the resulting curve to the helminth community reported in literature 35 years ago.

resultsFox helminth species significantly increased in number in the last 35 years (p-value <0.025). Toxascaris leonina, Mesocestoides litteratus, Trichuris vulpis and Angiostrongylus vasorum are four new veterinary-relevant species. The zoonotic fox tapeworm (E. multilocularis) was found outside the previously described endemic regions in the Netherlands.

conclusionsHelminth fauna in Dutch red foxes increased in biodiversity over the last three decades.

Indexed as

AnimalsFoxesGastrointestinal ContentsHelminthiasis, AnimalHelminthsNetherlandsSpecies SpecificityTime Factors

Identifiers

PMID24708710
PMCPMC3978201

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.