ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
Sumoylation differentially regulates Sp1 to control cell differentiation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blockage of SUMO E1 enzyme inhibits ocular lens fibrosis by mediating SMAD4 SUMOylation.Genes & diseases · 2026Article
- ROS-SUMO Crosstalk in Oxidative Stress: Disease Mechanisms and Reproductive Health.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- SP1 and p23 play a crucial role in the circadian target gene induction of activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor in human breast cells.Cell biology and toxicology · 2025Article
- The emerging roles of ubiquitin-like modifications in regulating HIV replication and host defense.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- A bibliometric and visualized analysis of the pathogenesis of cataracts from 1999 to 2023.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Multi-tissue transcriptome-wide association study identifies novel candidate susceptibility genes for cataract.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2024Article
- SUMO1-regulated DBC1 promotes p53-dependent stress-induced apoptosis of lens epithelial cells.Aging · 2023Article
- HSP90β prevents aging-related cataract formation through regulation of the charged multivesicular body protein (CHMP4B) and p53.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Regulation of SUMOylation on RNA metabolism in cancers.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- Low SP1 SUMOylation-dependent SNHG17 upregulation promotes drug resistance of gastric cancer through impairing hsa-miR-23b-3p-induced Notch2 inhibition.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2022Article
- SUMOylation and Viral Infections of the Brain.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Changes in DNA methylation hallmark alterations in chromatin accessibility and gene expression for eye lens differentiation.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2022Article
- Article
- Differential effects of SUMO1 and SUMO2 on circadian protein PER2 stability and function.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Article
- SUMO and Transcriptional Regulation: The Lessons of Large-Scale Proteomic, Modifomic and Genomic Studies.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Editorial: Apoptosis and Senescence in Vertebrate Development.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- The E3 Ligase PIAS1 Regulates p53 Sumoylation to Control Stress-Induced Apoptosis of Lens Epithelial Cells Through the Proapoptotic Regulator Bax.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Plasma amino acids profile in first-episode psychosis, unaffected siblings and community-based controls.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Molecular signature for senile and complicated cataracts derived from analysis of sumoylation enzymes and their substrates in human cataract lenses.Aging cell · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The mammalian small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) are actively involved in regulating differentiation of different cell types. However, the functional differences between SUMO isoforms and their mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. Using the ocular lens as a model system, we demonstrate that different SUMOs display distinct functions in regulating differentiation of epithelial cells into fiber cells. During lens differentiation, SUMO1 and SUMO2/3 displayed different expression, localization, and targets, suggesting differential functions. Indeed, overexpression of SUMO2/3, but not SUMO1, inhibited basic (b) FGF-induced cell differentiation. In contrast, knockdown of SUMO1, but not SUMO2/3, also inhibited bFGF action. Mechanistically, specificity protein 1 (Sp1), a major transcription factor that controls expression of lens-specific genes such as β-crystallins, was positively regulated by SUMO1 but negatively regulated by SUMO2. SUMO2 was found to inhibit Sp1 functions through several mechanisms: sumoylating it at K683 to attenuate DNA binding, and at K16 to increase its turnover. SUMO2 also interfered with the interaction between Sp1 and the coactivator, p300, and recruited a repressor, Sp3 to β-crystallin gene promoters, to negatively regulate their expression. Thus, stable SUMO1, but diminishing SUMO2/3, during lens development is necessary for normal lens differentiation. In support of this conclusion, SUMO1 and Sp1 formed complexes during early and later stages of lens development. In contrast, an interaction between SUMO2/3 and Sp1 was detected only during the initial lens vesicle stage. Together, our results establish distinct roles of different SUMO isoforms and demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that Sp1 acts as a major transcription factor target for SUMO control of cell differentiation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.