ArticleInternational journal of cancer2014
Combined P16 and human papillomavirus testing predicts head and neck cancer survival.
Article in International journal of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Feasibility of Immunohistochemical p16 Staining in the Diagnosis of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Pooled it
- Meta analysis: HPV and p16 pattern determines survival in patients with HNSCC and identifies potential new biologic subtype.Scientific reports · 2017Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of survival in patients with HNSCC discriminates risk depending on combined HPV and p16 status.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2016Pooled it
- The importance of HPV testing in oropharyngeal cancer in two US populations.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Clinical features and prognostic analysis of 120 patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a hospital-based real-world study.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- The p16 Immunostaining Predicts the Risk of Recurrence in Prostate Cancer.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- Identification of tumor stemness and immunity related prognostic factors and sensitive drugs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- p16 Expression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Surrogate or Independent Prognostic Marker?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Expression of p16 and Ki67 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and their clinical significance.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Prognostic stratification of oropharyngeal cancer patients in a betel nut chewing and low HPV area.Journal of otolaryngology - head & neck surgery = Le Journal d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale · 2023Article
- Long-term survivor of metastatic squamous-cell head and neck carcinoma with occult primary after cetuximab-based chemotherapy: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2021Article
- Palbociclib Renders Human Papilloma Virus-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Vulnerable to the Senolytic Agent Navitoclax.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2021Article
- A 14-Marker Multiplexed Imaging Panel for Prognostic Biomarkers and Tumor Heterogeneity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Prognostic Significance of a Scoring System Combining p16, Smoking, and Drinking Status in a Series of 131 Patients with Oropharyngeal Cancers.International journal of otolaryngology · 2021Review
- Article
- Active HPV infection and its influence on survival in head and neck squamous-cell cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2020Article
- p16 Immunohistochemical Expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Association With Prognostic Parameters.Cureus · 2020Article
- Pathology of HPV-Associated Head and Neck Carcinomas: Recent Data and Perspectives for the Development of Specific Tumor Markers.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Prognostic Correlation of an Autophagy-Related Gene Signature in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
While its prognostic significance remains unclear, p16(INK4a) protein expression is increasingly being used as a surrogate marker for oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). To evaluate the prognostic utility of p16 expression in HNSCC, we prospectively collected 163 primary tumor specimens from histologically confirmed HNSCC patients who were followed for up to 9.4 years. Formalin fixed tumor specimens were tested for p16 protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC). HPV type-16 DNA and RNA was detected by MY09/11-PCR and E6/E7 RT-PCR on matched frozen tissue, respectively. P16 protein expression was detected more often in oropharyngeal tumors (53%) as compared with laryngeal (24%), hypopharyngeal (8%) or oral cavity tumors (4%; p<0.0001). With respect to prognosis, p16-positive oropharyngeal tumors exhibited significantly better overall survival than p16-negative tumors (log-rank test p=0.04), whereas no survival benefit was observed for nonoropharyngeal tumors. However, when both p16 and HPV DNA test results were considered, concordantly positive nonoropharyngeal tumors had significantly better disease-specific survival than concordantly negative nonoropharyngeal tumors after controlling for sex, nodal stage, tumor size, tumor subsite, primary tumor site number, smoking and drinking [adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=0.04, 0.01-0.54]. Compared with concordantly negative nonoropharyngeal HNSCC, p16(+)/HPV16(-) nonoropharyngeal HNSCC (n=13, 7%) demonstrated no significant improvement in disease-specific survival when HPV16 was detected by RNA (adjusted HR=0.83, 0.22-3.17). Our findings show that p16 IHC alone has potential as a prognostic test for oropharyngeal cancer survival, but combined p16/HPV testing is necessary to identify HPV-associated nonoropharyngeal HNSCC with better prognosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.