Trial reportAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2015
Current smoking status is a strong predictor of radiographic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the SWEFOT trial.
Trial report in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00764725 (A Prospective Randomized, Open, Multi-Center Trial Comparing TNF-Blockade + MTX to MTX+SSZ+HCQ in Patients With Early RA With an Inadequate Response to MTX), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Prospective Randomized, Open, Multi-Center Trial Comparing TNF-Blockade + MTX to MTX+SSZ+HCQ in Patients With Early RA With an Inadequate Response to MTX
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- [S2e guideline: treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with disease-modifying drugs].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2018Guideline
- Development of prediction models to select older RA patients with comorbidities for treatment with chronic low-dose glucocorticoids.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Trial
- Changes in the anticitrullinated peptide antibody response in relation to therapeutic outcome in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the SWEFOT trial.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2016Trial
- Pretreatment multi-biomarker disease activity score and radiographic progression in early RA: results from the SWEFOT trial.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2015Trial
- Impact of HLA-DRB1 SE, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies and smoking on radiographic outcome in Greek patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.BMC rheumatology · 2025Article
- Observational
- Causal Relationships Between Environmental Exposures, Iron Metabolism, Hematuria Markers, and Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Investigation Using Mendelian Randomization.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Environmental and Genetic Determinants of Ankylosing Spondylitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Sleep Disorders in Connective Tissue Diseases-Coexisting Diseases or Disease Components?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Reasons for multiple biologic and targeted synthetic DMARD switching and characteristics of treatment refractory rheumatoid arthritis.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2024Article
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2023Review
- Rheumatology health care providers' views and practices on obesity and smoking cessation management in rheumatoid arthritis.Clinical rheumatology · 2021Article
- Predictors of Smoking Cessation in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in Two Cohorts: Most Predictive Health Care Factors.Arthritis care & research · 2021Article
- Bone Loss and Radiographic Damage Profile in Rheumatoid Arthritis Moroccan Patients.Journal of bone metabolism · 2021Article
- Structural and Functional Changes of Hands and Legs in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Article
- Predictors of radiographic erosion and joint space narrowing progression in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: a cohort study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2021Article
- Validation of the adjusted multi-biomarker disease activity score as a prognostic test for radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis: a combined analysis of multiple studies.Arthritis research & therapy · 2021Article
- Article
- Turkish League Against Rheumatism (TLAR) Recommendations for the Pharmacological Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis: 2018 Update Under Guidance of Current Recommendations.Archives of rheumatology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo study clinical predictors for radiographic progression after 1 year in an early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) trial.
methodsIn the SWEFOT trial population, disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) naïve RA patients started methotrexate; 3-month responders (DAS28 <3.2) continued (n=147), while non-responders were randomised to addition of sulfasalazine+hydroxychloroquine (n=130) or infliximab (n=128). X-rays were scored by the Sharp-van der Hejde score (SHS) method and radiographic progression was defined as a ≥5 increase after 1 year. Potential baseline predictors of radiographic progression were tested using multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for potential confounders.
results79 of 311 patients with available radiographs at baseline and follow-up had radiographic progression. The following baseline parameters were independent predictors of radiographic progression at 1 year: baseline erosions (adjusted OR=2.29, 95% CI 1.24 to 4.24), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (adjusted OR per tertile increase=1.72, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.65) and C-reactive protein (adjusted OR per tertile increase=1.52, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.26). Current smoking was an independent predictor of radiographic progression (adjusted OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.06 to 4.45). These results remained after further adjustment for treatment strategy. Three-dimensional matrix including current smoking status, erosions and C-reactive protein tertiles showed a 12-63% risk gradient from patients carrying none compared with all predictors. Rheumatoid factor (RF)/anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) positivity did not significantly predict radiographic progression using SHS increase ≥5 as cut-off. In a secondary exploratory analysis using cut-off >1, both RF and anti-CCP positivity were significant predictors in the unadjusted, but not the adjusted analyses. The other parameters also remained significant using this lower cut-off.
conclusionsIn addition to previously described predictors, we identified smoking as a strong independent risk factor for radiographic progression in early RA. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00764725.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.