ReviewProgress in retinal and eye research2014
Cholesterol in the retina: the best is yet to come.
Review in Progress in retinal and eye research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 169 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
169 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 285 citations in OpenAlex.
- Determination of system level alterations in host transcriptome due to Zika virus (ZIKV) Infection in retinal pigment epithelium.Scientific reports · 2018Pooled it
- Understanding AMD by analogy: systematic review of lipid-related common pathogenic mechanisms in AMD, AD, AS and GN.Lipids in health and disease · 2018Pooled it
- HDL-cholesterol levels and risk of age-related macular degeneration: a multiethnic genetic study using Mendelian randomization.International journal of epidemiology · 2017Pooled it
- The Association between the Lipids Levels in Blood and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Nutrients · 2016Pooled it
- Relationship of Topographic Distribution of Geographic Atrophy to Visual Acuity in Nonexudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Ophthalmology. Retina · 2021Trial
- Association of baseline brain care score with the incidence of age-related eye diseases.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Causal relationship between aspirin use and age-related macular degeneration.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Impaired Rod-Mediated Vision is the Functional Hallmark of Ageing and Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Systemic lipid abnormalities and choriocapillaris flow deficits in patients with hard drusen.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Lipid homeostasis plays a critical role in inherited and acquired retinal diseases.Communications biology · 2026Review
- Association between PCSK9 inhibitor use and risk of age-related macular degeneration.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Retinal phenotype of APOB100 transgenic mice on a Western diet with human-like hyperlipidemia and cholesterol crystals in the retina and choroid.Lab animal · 2026Article
- Molecular Crosstalk in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Integrating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, microRNAs, and Genetic Susceptibility Toward Precision Therapeutics.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Efavirenz treatment improves retinal vaso-obliteration and pathological neovascularization in a mouse model of retinopathy of prematurity.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Understanding the link between lipid and ocular disorders for effective therapy.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- The global disease burden and associated risk factors of age-related macular degeneration: a comprehensive analysis.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Noradrenergic Slow Vasomotion: The Hidden Fluid Pump Linking Sleep, Brain Clearance, and Dementia Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Elevated ApoB/A1 ratio predicts enhanced short-term efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy in diabetic macular edema.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Aster-B Modulates Oxidative Stress Responses and Carotenoid Distribution in ARPE-19 Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- High-fat diet alters retinal lipid composition and gene expression networks in mice.BMC biology · 2025Article
109 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Historically understudied, cholesterol in the retina is receiving more attention now because of genetic studies showing that several cholesterol-related genes are risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and because of eye pathology studies showing high cholesterol content of drusen, aging Bruch's membrane, and newly found subretinal lesions. The challenge before us is determining how the cholesterol-AMD link is realized. Meeting this challenge will require an excellent understanding these genes' roles in retinal physiology and how chorioretinal cholesterol is maintained. In the first half of this review, we will succinctly summarize physico-chemical properties of cholesterol, its distribution in the human body, general principles of maintenance and metabolism, and differences in cholesterol handling in human and mouse that impact on experimental approaches. This information will provide a backdrop to the second part of the review focusing on unique aspects of chorioretinal cholesterol homeostasis, aging in Bruch's membrane, cholesterol in AMD lesions, a model for lesion biogenesis, a model for macular vulnerability based on vascular biology, and alignment of AMD-related genes and pathobiology using cholesterol and an atherosclerosis-like progression as unifying features. We conclude with recommendations for the most important research steps we can take towards delineating the cholesterol-AMD link.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.