ArticlePloS one2014
Analysis of the population structure of Anaplasma phagocytophilum using multilocus sequence typing.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Cattle: A One Health Perspective, Meta-Analysis and Future Predictions (up to 2035).Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Pooled it
- Molecular detection and characterization ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025Article
- Detection ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Arthropod-borne pathogens in European bisonInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025Article
- Impact of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis in Spain from 1997 to 2022.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
- TICKHUNTER: A Targeted Hybridization-Capture Sequencing Approach for the Detection and Characterization of Tick-borne Pathogens and Blood Meals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis ofVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Investigation of the Blood Microbiome in Horses With Fever of Unknown Origin.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- European human granulocytic anaplasmosis is caused by a subcluster ofCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025Article
- Potential drivers of vector-borne pathogens in urban environments: European hedgehogs (One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Granulocytic anaplasmosis in cats from central Europe and molecular characterization of feline Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains by ankA gene, groEL gene and multilocus sequence typing.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Genomic analyses indicate the North American Ap-ha variant of the tick-vectored bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum was introduced from Europe.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Host-pathogen associations revealed by genotyping of European strains of Anaplasma phagocytophilum to describe natural endemic cycles.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Article
- Role of invasive carnivores (Procyon lotor and Nyctereutes procyonoides) in epidemiology of vector-borne pathogens: molecular survey from the Czech Republic.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- The Role of Wild Boars in the Circulation of Tick-Borne Pathogens: The First Evidence ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Distant genetic variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from Ixodes ricinus attached to people.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Epidemiological Survey on Tick-Borne Pathogens with Zoonotic Potential in Dog Populations of Southern Ethiopia.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- The Biological and Ecological Features of Northbound Migratory Birds, Ticks, and Tick-Borne Microorganisms in the African-Western Palearctic.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Demographic Expansions and the Emergence of Host Specialization in Genetically Distinct Ecotypes of the Tick-Transmitted Bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium that replicates in neutrophils. It is transmitted via tick-bite and causes febrile disease in humans and animals. Human granulocytic anaplasmosis is regarded as an emerging infectious disease in North America, Europe and Asia. However, although increasingly detected, it is still rare in Europe. Clinically apparent A. phagocytophilum infections in animals are mainly found in horses, dogs, cats, sheep and cattle. Evidence from cross-infection experiments that A. phagocytophilum isolates of distinct host origin are not uniformly infectious for heterologous hosts has led to several approaches of molecular strain characterization. Unfortunately, the results of these studies are not always easily comparable, because different gene regions and fragment lengths were investigated. Multilocus sequence typing is a widely accepted method for molecular characterization of bacteria. We here provide for the first time a universal typing method that is easily transferable between different laboratories. We validated our approach on an unprecedented large data set of almost 400 A. phagocytophilum strains from humans and animals mostly from Europe. The typability was 74% (284/383). One major clonal complex containing 177 strains was detected. However, 54% (49/90) of the sequence types were not part of a clonal complex indicating that the population structure of A. phagocytophilum is probably semiclonal. All strains from humans, dogs and horses from Europe belonged to the same clonal complex. As canine and equine granulocytic anaplasmosis occurs frequently in Europe, human granulocytic anaplasmosis is likely to be underdiagnosed in Europe. Further, wild boars and hedgehogs may serve as reservoir hosts of the disease in humans and domestic animals in Europe, because their strains belonged to the same clonal complex. In contrast, as they were only distantly related, roe deer, voles and shrews are unlikely to harbor A. phagocytophilum strains infectious for humans, domestic or farm animals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.