Observational studyAmerican journal of epidemiology2014
Vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study.
Observational study in American journal of epidemiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 43 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenome-wide meta-analysis of prenatal vitamin D insufficiency and cord blood DNA methylation.Epigenetics · 2024Pooled it
- Circulating Vitamin D Level and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.Journal of Korean medical science · 2023Pooled it
- Predictive value of 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in patients with coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D and Stroke: Effects on Incidence, Severity, and Outcome and the Potential Benefits of Supplementation.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- The Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Biomarkers of Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in People with Overweight, Diabetes, and Coronary Heart Disease: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2019Trial
- Trial
- The effects of coenzyme Q10 administration on glucose homeostasis parameters, lipid profiles, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with metabolic syndrome.European journal of nutrition · 2016Trial
- Multichamber Strain Imaging and Biomarker Profiling for 1-Year Risk Stratification in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Vitamin D Levels and Cardiac Remodelling in a Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy Population: A Case-Control Study.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- The Efficacy of Vitamins in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Correction of plasma fat-soluble vitamin levels by blood lipids in elderly patients with coronary heart disease.Practical laboratory medicine · 2024Article
- Vitamin D Deficiency, Inflammation, and Diminished Endogenous Regenerative Capacity in Coronary Heart Disease.JACC. Advances · 2024Article
- Review
- Association between serum 25(OH)D and risk of all-cause mortality in adults with prior cardiovascular disease: a cohort study from NHANES 2007-2018.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023Article
- Is Hypovitaminosis D a Risk Factor for Heart Failure?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Observational
- Vitamin D Deficiency as an Independent Predictor of Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly.Archives of Razi Institute · 2021Article
- Nutraceutical, Dietary, and Lifestyle Options for Prevention and Treatment of Ventricular Hypertrophy and Heart Failure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A growing body of evidence supports an association between vitamin D and cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are unknown. From 2000 to 2002, we identified 946 participants with stable cardiovascular disease in San Francisco, California, and followed them prospectively for cardiovascular events (heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death). We then examined the extent to which the association was attenuated by adjustment for poor health behaviors, comorbid health conditions, and potential biological mediators. During a median follow-up period of 8.0 years (through August 24, 2012), 323 subjects (34.1%) experienced a cardiovascular event. Following adjustment for sociodemographic factors, season of blood measurement, health behaviors, and comorbid conditions, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels under 20 ng/mL remained independently associated with cardiovascular events (hazard ratio = 1.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.67). However, after further adjustment for potential biological mediators, the independent association was no longer present (hazard ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval: 0.85, 1.44). Parathyroid hormone, a potentially modifiable biological factor downstream from 25-hydroxyvitamin D, was responsible for the majority of this attenuation. These findings highlight the need for randomized controlled trials to determine whether vitamin D supplementation in persons with deficiency could be beneficial for the primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.