ArticlePloS one2014
Mortality and case fatality due to visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: a nationwide analysis of epidemiology, trends and spatial patterns.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 164 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research trends in evidence-based medicine: a joinpoint regression analysis of more than 50 years of publication data.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of available treatments for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: A multicenter, randomized, open label trial.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Trial
- Ethnic-Racial and Spatial Inequalities of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Brazil: A Nationwide Analysis of Cumulative Notification and Mortality.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Spatial analysis of mortality due to congenital syphilis in Brazil from 2008 to 2022.PloS one · 2026Article
- Temporal trends and spatial distribution of leishmaniasis based on biomes in Brazil, 2007 to 2020.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2026Article
- Long-term trends of visceral leishmaniasis incidence and mortality in India 1990-2019: an application of joinpoint and age-period-cohort analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Impact of weather extremes on the spatiotemporal dynamics of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Co-endemicity of schistosomiasis and tegumentary leishmaniasis: Spatial co-clustering in endemic areas.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2025Article
- Assessment of asymptomaticFrontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Clinical Profiles and Outcomes of rK39-Confirmed Paediatric Visceral Leishmaniasis at a General Hospital in Massawa, Eritrea: A Retrospective Study.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal relationship between agriculture, livestock, deforestation, and visceral leishmaniasis in Brazilian legal Amazon.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Finding Priority Areas in the Evaluation of Strategies for the Prevention of Leishmaniasis in an Endemic Municipality of Brazil.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Spatio-Temporal Analysis and Clinical-Epidemiological Characterization of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Maranhão, Brazil, from 2009 to 2020.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- An algorithm for visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis in Brazil from a 10-year analysis of National Reference Laboratory data.Parasitology research · 2024Article
- Characterization of Argonaute-containing protein complexes in Leishmania-infected human macrophages.PloS one · 2024Article
- The Application of MD Simulation to Lead Identification, Vaccine Design, and Structural Studies in Combat against Leishmaniasis - A Review.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Patterns and drivers of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis in Pernambuco (Brazil) from 2007 to 2018.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Relationship between social development indicators and mortality due to Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil: a space-time analysis.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2023Article
- Temporal-spatial analysis of mortality from cardiovascular diseases in the State of Ceará, Brazil, between 2009-2019.Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a significant public health problem in Brazil and several regions of the world. This study investigated the magnitude, temporal trends and spatial distribution of mortality related to VL in Brazil.
methodsWe performed a study based on secondary data obtained from the Brazilian Mortality Information System. We included all deaths in Brazil from 2000 to 2011, in which VL was recorded as cause of death. We present epidemiological characteristics, trend analysis of mortality and case fatality rates by joinpoint regression models, and spatial analysis using municipalities as geographical units of analysis.
resultsIn the study period, 12,491,280 deaths were recorded in Brazil. VL was mentioned in 3,322 (0.03%) deaths. Average annual age-adjusted mortality rate was 0.15 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants and case fatality rate 8.1%. Highest mortality rates were observed in males (0.19 deaths/100,000 inhabitants), <1 year-olds (1.03 deaths/100,000 inhabitants) and residents in Northeast region (0.30 deaths/100,000 inhabitants). Highest case fatality rates were observed in males (8.8%), ≥ 70 year-olds (43.8%) and residents in South region (17.7%). Mortality and case fatality rates showed a significant increase in Brazil over the period, with different patterns between regions: increasing mortality rates in the North (Annual Percent Change--APC: 9.4%; 95% confidence interval--CI: 5.3 to 13.6), and Southeast (APC: 8.1%; 95% CI: 2.6 to 13.9); and increasing case fatality rates in the Northeast (APC: 4.0%; 95% CI: 0.8 to 7.4). Spatial analysis identified a major cluster of high mortality encompassing a wide geographic range in North and Northeast Brazil.
conclusionsDespite ongoing control strategies, mortality related to VL in Brazil is increasing. Mortality and case fatality vary considerably between regions, and surveillance and control measures should be prioritized in high-risk clusters. Early diagnosis and treatment are fundamental strategies for reducing case fatality of VL in Brazil.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.