ArticlePhotomedicine and laser surgery2014
Quantitative investigation of efficiency of ultraviolet and visible light in eradication of Candida albicans in vitro.
Article in Photomedicine and laser surgery, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Violet photobiomodulation: biological effects and health implications.Lasers in medical science · 2025Pooled it
- Ultraviolet Technologies for Yeast Control and Functional Modulation in the Food Industry: Mechanisms, Resistance and Applications.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effect of Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation on the Growth of Oral Biofilm.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Photoinactivation by UVA radiation and visible light of Candida auris compared to other fungi.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2024Article
- Fungal photoinactivation doses for UV radiation and visible light-a data collection.AIMS microbiology · 2024Review
- Immediate effect of pulsed high-intensity neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG) laser on staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa growth: an experimental study.Journal of physical therapy science · 2019Article
- Effects of Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the growth of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans: in vitro study.Lasers in medical science · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this study was to quantitatively investigate the efficiency of the ultraviolet (UV) and visible light in eradication of Candida albicans in vitro; in particular, to determine, for selected wavelengths, the specific eradication coefficients and thresholds in terms of energy density levels required to effect 3.0log10 and 4.0log10 reduction. BACKGROUND DATA: Oral candidosis is the most common infection of the oral cavity and is caused by Candida species. The widespread use of topical and systemic antifungal agents as conventional treatment for oral candidosis has resulted in the development of resistance in C. albicans. Therefore, it has become necessary to develop alternative therapies for the treatment of oral candidosis.
methodsC. albicans ATCC(®) 90028(™) was irradiated with 254 nm, 365 nm, 406 nm, 420 nm, and broadband Xe spectrum. For each wavelength, a fit of experimental data (survival fraction vs. applied energy density) with an exponential decay function enabled estimation of the specific eradication coefficients and thresholds.
resultsBased on estimated specific efficiencies (Δ) and eradication thresholds (ET) of the investigated wavelengths, the ranking in eradication efficiency of C. albicans (most to least effective) is: 254 nm (Δ=6.1 mJ/cm(-2), ET99.99=56 mJ/cm(-2)), broadband Xe spectrum (Δ=27.7 mJ/cm(-2), ET99.99=255 mJ/cm(-2)), 365 nm (Δ=4.3 J/cm(-2), ET99.99=39 J/cm(-2)), 420 nm (Δ=0.65 J/cm(-2), ET99.99=6 J/cm(-2)), and 406 nm (Δ=11.4 J/cm(-2), ET99.99=104 J/cm(-2)).
conclusionsThe results provide insight into the wavelength-dependent dynamics of eradication of C. albicans. For each investigated wavelength, the eradication coefficient and corresponding eradication threshold were estimated. The observed different eradication efficiencies are consequence of different spectrally dependent inactivation mechanisms. The established methodology enables unambiguous quantitative comparison of eradication efficiencies of optical radiation and selection of most effective wavelengths for clinical and therapeutic use.
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