Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24696081›Full record

ArticlePsychopharmacology2014

Operant self-administration of alcohol and nicotine in a preclinical model of co-abuse.

A D Lê, Douglas Funk, Steven Lo, Kathleen Coen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychopharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

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  17. Frontiers in physiology · 2018
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

A D LêNeurobiology of Alcohol Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.
Douglas Funk
Steven Lo
Kathleen Coen
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health · CA

Funding

Stress-induced relapse to alcohol in a rat modelR01AA013108 · NIAAA · CENTRE FOR ADDICTION AND MENTAL HEALTH · PI LE, ANH DZUNG · 2002 to 2011
$1.3M
NIAAA NIH HHS AA13108NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA013108
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

RATIONALE AND

objectivesAlcohol and nicotine are often taken together. In humans, intake of nicotine, via smoked tobacco, increases alcohol drinking, and alcohol increases smoking. Chronic nicotine treatment increases alcohol self-administration (SA) in laboratory animals; the reverse relationship is less clear. Most animal work modeling this has used passive administration, which lacks relevance to human co-abuse. Here, we describe a model based on sequential operant SA of alcohol and nicotine.

methodsAnimals are first trained on alcohol SA (0.19 ml of 12 % alcohol (w/v)/delivery) and then receive separate alcohol (8 %, w/v) and nicotine (15 μg/kg/infusion) SA sessions on the same day ("daily dual access"). Animals then receive access to alcohol and then to nicotine (or in the reverse order) in alternating 5-min periods in 2-h sessions ("alternating access"). We then determine if alternating access modifies the effects of naltrexone on responding for alcohol and nicotine.

resultsWe found that with daily dual access, nicotine significantly increased alcohol SA when alcohol access occurred prior to nicotine access and that nicotine SA significantly decreased when the alcohol SA session preceded it. During alternating access, nicotine also significantly increased alcohol intake. Naltrexone (0.3 or 1 mg/kg) significantly reduced alcohol SA during these alternating access sessions in animals that also received nicotine SA, but had minimal effects on animals receiving alcohol SA alone. Naltrexone did not affect nicotine SA under any condition.

conclusionsThis sequential access procedure effectively models the effects of nicotine on alcohol intake noted in humans.

Indexed as

SmokingAlcoholismAnimalsBehavior, AddictiveConditioning, OperantDisease Models, AnimalEthanolMaleNaltrexoneNicotineRatsRats, Long-EvansSelf AdministrationEthanolNaltrexoneNicotine

Identifiers

PMID24696081
PMCPMC5357119
OpenAlexW1977925881

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.