Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24696045›Full record

ReviewGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2014

Image-guided evaluation and monitoring of treatment response in patients with dry eye disease.

Yureeda Qazi, Shruti Aggarwal, Pedram Hamrah

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Imaging Approaches for the Diagnosis of Dry Eye: A Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Corneal pain and experimental model development.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2019
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Artificial intelligence in cornea and ocular surface diseases.Saudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological Society
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yureeda Qazi *Cornea and Ocular Surface Imaging Center, Department of Ophthalmology- Cornea Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Shruti Aggarwal *Cornea and Ocular Surface Imaging Center, Department of Ophthalmology- Cornea Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Pedram HamrahCornea and Ocular Surface Imaging Center, Department of Ophthalmology- Cornea Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Harvard University · US

Funding

Immunobiology of Corneal Antigen-Presenting CellsK08EY020575 · NEI · MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY · PI HAMRAH, PEDRAM · 2010 to 2013
$914k
NEI NIH HHS K08 EY020575NEI NIH HHS K08-EY020575NEI NIH HHS L30 EY021919
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDry eye disease (DED) is one of the most common ocular disorders worldwide. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of DED are not well-understood, and thus treating DED has been a significant challenge for ophthalmologists. Most of the currently available diagnostic tests demonstrate low correlation to patient symptoms and have low reproducibility.

methodsRecently, sophisticated in vivo imaging modalities have become available for patient care, namely, in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). These emerging modalities are powerful and non-invasive, allowing real-time visualization of cellular and anatomical structures of the cornea and ocular surface. Here we discuss how, by providing both qualitative and quantitative assessment, these techniques can be used to demonstrate early subclinical disease, grade layer-by-layer severity, and allow monitoring of disease severity by cellular alterations. Imaging-guided stratification of patients may also be possible in conjunction with clinical examination methods.

conclusionsVisualization of subclinical changes and stratification of patients in vivo allows objective image-guided evaluation of tailored treatment response based on cellular morphological alterations specific to each patient. This image-guided approach to DED may ultimately improve patient outcomes and make it possible to study the efficacy of novel therapies in clinical trials.

Indexed as

Microscopy, ConfocalTomography, Optical CoherenceAnti-Bacterial AgentsDry Eye SyndromesEyelid DiseasesHumansLubricant Eye DropsLubricantsMeibomian GlandsMonitoring, PhysiologicTreatment OutcomeAnti-Bacterial AgentsLubricant Eye DropsLubricants

Identifiers

PMID24696045
PMCPMC4038672
OpenAlexW2127261301

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.